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. 2021 Jun;79(6):736–746. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2021.01.017

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

CD38 is expressed on a heterogeneous population of TIICs coexpressing myeloid and lymphoid markers. (A) Representative immunofluorescence images showing subpopulations of CD38+ tumour-infiltrating immune cells and PMN-MDSC. White arrows point to a cell with the leucocyte’s phenotype specified on each row (200× magnification, scale bar 100 µm). (B) Representative multispectral six-colour immunofluorescence image of an mCRPC lymph node biopsy stained with DAPI (blue), CD38 (cyan), CD11b (magenta), CD15 (green), CD33 (red), and EpCAM (yellow; 200× magnification, scale bar 100 µm). (C) Proportion of immune cell subpopulations expressing CD38 in CSPC and CRPC biopsies (n = 51). (D) Representative immunofluorescence images of mCRPC biopsy showing subpopulations of CD38+ coexpressing CD79a, both CD33 and CD79a, or CD3. White arrows point to a cell with the leucocyte’s phenotype specified on each row (200× magnification, scale bar 100 µm). (E) Five-colour immunofluorescence micrograph of mCRPC biopsy, with areas of stroma and tumour demarcated by white lines. Image staining for DAPI (grey), CD38 (green), CD79a (red), CD33 (yellow), and CD3 (blue). White arrows indicating representative phenotypes expressing CD38 (200× magnification, scale bar 100 μm. (F, G) Proportion of CD38+ tumour-infiltrating immune cells expressing other immune cell surface markers in 4 CSPC biopsies. CRPC = castration-resistant prostate cancer; CSPC = castration-sensitive prostate cancer; mCRPC = metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; PMN-MDSC = polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells; TIIC = tumour-infiltrating immune cell.