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. 2021 Jun 3;11:11685. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-91118-1

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Betadisper analysis comparing beta diversity measured as multivariate dispersion across the interaction of ecoregion and P. destructans status, for (a) total beta diversity (SOR), (b) turnover (SIM), and (c) nestedness (SNE). Different lowercase letters indicate a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) between groups, lowercase letters are missing from panel (c) due to lack of significant differences between groups. There is a significant interaction between P. destructans status and ecoregion for both total beta diversity as well as turnover (SOR: F_{5, 243} = 15.232, p ≤ 0.05; SIM: F_5,243 = 8.646, p ≤ 0.05). Graphs were produced using the ggplot2 package (version 3.3.2) in R²⁵.