Table 3.
Trends in Adjusted Annual Rate of Discontinuation by Patient Subgroup, 2012–2017
| Subgroup | Adjusted annual rate of discontinuation among LTOT users (95% CI) | p value for interaction | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | ||||||||
| Medicare eligible due to disability | 0.000 | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 5.9% | (5.6–6.1) | 6.5% | (6.2–6.7) | 7.2% | (7.0–7.5) | 7.6% | (7.3–7.9) | 8.8% | (8.5–9.2) | 9.2% | (8.5–9.9) | |
| No | 5.2% | (4.8–5.5) | 5.7% | (5.3–6.1) | 6.3% | (5.9–6.7) | 5.8% | (5.4–6.2) | 6.8% | (6.4–7.2) | 7.0% | (6.2–7.9) | |
| Non-white | 0.023 | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 6.3% | (5.8–6.8) | 6.4% | (5.9–6.8) | 7.3% | (6.8–7.8) | 6.8% | (6.3–7.4) | 8.0% | (7.4–8.6) | 8.8% | (7.5–10.1) | |
| No | 5.6% | (5.4–5.8) | 6.2% | (6.0–6.5) | 6.9% | (6.7–7.1) | 7.1% | (6.8–7.3) | 8.2% | (7.9–8.5) | 8.4% | (7.8–9.0) | |
| Medicaid enrollees | 0.031 | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 6.3% | (6.0–6.6) | 7.1% | (6.8–7.4) | 8.0% | (7.6–8.3) | 8.1% | (7.7–8.5) | 9.4% | (9.0–9.8) | 9.2% | (8.4–10.1) | |
| No | 5.2% | (4.9–5.5) | 5.5% | (5.2–5.8) | 6.0% | (5.8–6.3) | 6.1% | (5.8–6.4) | 7.1% | (6.8–7.4) | 7.8% | (7.1–8.4) | |
| Rural | 0.683 | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 5.7% | (5.4–6.0) | 6.5% | (6.1–6.8) | 6.9% | (6.5–7.3) | 7.2% | (6.8–7.7) | 8.6% | (8.1–9.1) | 8.6% | (7.6–9.6) | |
| No | 5.7% | (5.5–5.9) | 6.2% | (5.9–6.4) | 7.0% | (6.7–7.2) | 6.9% | (6.7–7.2) | 8.0% | (7.7–8.3) | 8.4% | (7.8–9.1) | |
Rates of opioid discontinuation were estimated separately for each patient subgroup category using multivariate linear probability models, controlling for all other patient covariates in the table, as well as sex, state, Medicare Advantage enrollment, diagnosis of chronic non-cancer pain, rurality, and total chronic conditions. p values for interaction terms were obtained from a separate multivariable linear probability model that included interaction terms for year (as a continuous variable) and each patient subgroup (as a binary variable equal to 1 if the patient belonged in the subgroup and 0 otherwise), and controlled for all remaining patient covariates. 95% CI are reported in the parentheses