Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with COVID-19 on admission by severity at triage and severity during hospitalization.
| Parameters | No. (%) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Entire cohorta (N = 98) |
Severity at triage | Severity during hospitalization | |||||||
| Mild (n = 13) |
Moderate (n = 79) |
Severe (n = 3) |
N/A (n = 3) |
P-value | Mild/Moderate (n = 74) |
Severe/Critical (n = 24) |
P-value | ||
| Age, years (median, IQR) | 46.5 (34.3–62.0) | 34.0 (29.0–42.5) | 50.5 (36.0–60.5) | 78.0 (65.0–80.0) | 37.0 (6.0–63.0) | 0.004 | 39.0 (31.3–56.3) | 63.0 (46.0–66.5) | <0.001 |
| Sex | 0.55 | 0.06 | |||||||
| Female | 53 (54.1) | 5 (38.5) | 45 (57.0) | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | 44 (59.5) | 9 (37.5) | ||
| Male | 45 (45.9) | 8 (61.5) | 34 (43.0) | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | 30 (30.5) | 15 (62.5) | ||
| Epidemiological history | (N = 92) | n = 74 | n = 2 | 0.04 | n = 73 | n = 19 | 0.06 | ||
| Travel to epidemic area before onset | 71 (77.2) | 7 (53.8) | 60 (81.1) | 1 (50.0) | 3 (100) | 59 (80.8) | 12 (63.2) | ||
| Known sick contacts | 17 (18.5) | 6 (46.2) | 11 (14.9) | 1 (50.0) | 0 (0) | 14 (19.2) | 3 (15.8) | ||
| Unknown exposure | 4 (4.3) | 0 (0) | 3 (4.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0(0) | 4 (21.1) | ||
| Comorbidities | 44 (44.9) | 3 (23.1) | 37 (46.8) | 2 (66.7) | 2 (66.7) | 0.27 | 30 (40.5) | 14 (58.3) | 0.13 |
| Hypertension | 17 (17.3) | 1 (7.7) | 15 (19.0) | 1 (33.3) | 0 (0) | 0.54 | 9 (12.2) | 8 (33.3) | 0.05 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 7 (7.1) | 0 (0) | 6 (7.6) | 1 (33.3) | 0 (0) | 0.28 | 2 (2.7) | 5 (20.8) | 0.05 |
| Malignancies | 5 (5.1) | 0 (0) | 3 (3.8) | 1 (33.3) | 1 (33.3) | 0.03 | 4 (5.4) | 1 (4.2) | 0.83 |
| Tuberculosis | 2 (2.0) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.00 | 0 (0) | 2 (8.3) | 0.16 |
| Chronic kidney diseases | 2 (2.0) | 1 (7.7) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.35 | 1 (1.4) | 1 (4.2) | 0.42 |
| Stroke | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.00 | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0.57 |
| Coronary heart disease | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.00 | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0.57 |
| Symptoms | |||||||||
| Paucisymptomatic | 15 (15.3) | 1 (7.7) | 12 (15.2) | 0 (0) | 2 (66.7) | 0.13 | 14 (18.9) | 1 (4.2) | 0.02 |
| Fever | 58 (59.2) | 9 (69.2) | 48 (60.8) | 1 (33.3) | 0 (0) | 0.13 | 39 (52.7) | 19 (79.2) | 0.01 |
| Tmax on admission (°C, IQR) | 38.0 (37.5–38.3) | 38.0 (37.7–38.8) | 38.0 (37.5–38.3) | 37.6 | N/A | 0.36 | 37.8 (37.5–38.3) | 38.0 (37.8–38.3) | 0.50 |
| Cough | 17 (17.3) | 2 (15.4) | 14 (17.7) | 1 (33.3) | 0 (0) | 0.83 | 14 (18.9) | 3 (12.5) | 0.48 |
| Sore throat | 5 (5.1) | 0 (0) | 5 (6.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.00 | 5 (6.8) | 0 (0) | 0.02 |
| Diarrhea | 4 (4.1) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.5) | 1 (33.3) | 1 (33.3) | 0.04 | 2 (2.7) | 2 (8.3) | 0.36 |
| SpO2 on admission, %, IQR (N = 97)b | 98.0 (96.9–98.8) | 98.0 (97.1–98.8) | 98.2 (96.9–98.8) | 94.0 (91.0–94.5) | 98.0 (98.0–99.9) | 0.04 | 98.3 (97.7–98.9) | 96.1 (94.6–97.9) | 0.03 |
| Days to admission, IQRc | 3.0 (1.0–5.3) | 2 (1–5) | 3 (1–5) | 6 (5–12) | N/A | 0.43 | 3 (1–6) | 3 (1–4) | 0.58 |
COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019, IQR interquartile range, N/A not available, SpO2 saturation of peripheral oxygen, Tmax peak temperature.
aThree patients did not have severity stratification at triage.
bMissing data in 1 patient in Moderate group.
cDuration from symptom onset to admission in symptomatic patients, from probable exposure to admission in asymptomatic patients.