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. 2021 Jun 3;11:11713. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-91299-9

Table 2.

Differences between the study sample and SENA scales for children (between 8 and 12 years old) and adolescents (13–18 years old).

SENA Children
n = 325
t p dz Adolescents
n = 265
t p dz
M DT M DT
Anxiety 2.40 0.82 2.49 0.013 0.14 2.81 0.89 5.64 < 0.0001 0.35
Depression 1.68 0.57 3.132 0.002 0.18 2.01 0.78 6.53 < 0.0001 0.40
Self-esteem 4.26 0.63 − 1.177 0.240 − 0.06 3.70 0.77 − 5.49 < 0.0001 − 0.34
Rage control problems 2.37 0.84 10.996 < 0.0001 0.61 2.42 0.84 7.75 < 0.0001 0.48
Problems with emotional regulation 2.25 0.89 4.794 < 0.0001 0.27 2.46 0.99 6.83 < 0.0001 0.42
Integration and social competence 3.99 0.63 − 2.725 0.007 − 0.16 3.81 0.68 − 7.25 < 0.0001 − 0.44
Rebellious behaviour 1.95 0.83 13.510 < 0.0001 0.75 1.99 0.83 6.19 < 0.0001 0.39
Somatic complaints 1.68 0.58 − 5.571 < 0.0001 − 0.31 2.01 0.80 2.20 0.027 0.03
Awareness of the problems 2.40 0.75 3.50 0.001 0.21

Statistically significant differences (p < .05) are highlighted in bold