Table 2.

Gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines and Collagen Type I.

Gene	CVD	HFD	PFD	Fold change versus HFD	Regulation
Il1b	301.1 ± 44.0	1285a ± 86.19****	565.3b ± 85.27****	− 2.27	Down
Il6	250.5 ± 181.9	2692a ± 532.8**	1390b ± 477.3*	− 1.94	Down
Tnfa	279.7 ± 5.774	683.0a ± 97.78*	220.6b ± 60.19*	− 3.09	Down
Col1a1	118.9 ± 38.03	331.1a ± 64.63*	97.45b ± 31.24**	− 3.40	Down

Data are expressed in mean ± SEM.

CVD conventional diet, HFD high fat and high carbohydrate diet, PFD high fat diet + prolonged release pirfenidone.

*p < 0.05, ****p < 0.0001 compared to CVD group and *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001 as compared with HFD group.

^aSignificance difference versus CVD group (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001).

^bSignificance difference versus HFD group (*p ≤ 0.05, **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001).