TABLE 5.
Frequently mentioned biomarkers (routine or research laboratory) associated with cellular senescence.
| Potential biomarker | Material and Methods | e-score | rc-score* | c-score | |
| SASP | 442 | 2646 | |||
| Cytokines (e.g., IL-6, IL-7, IL-15) | ELISA from Serum or EDTA plasma samples proteomics | –° –° –° – | n.a. | n.a. | |
| Chemokines (e.g., IL-8, CCL3, CCL4) | n.a. | n.a. | |||
| Growth factors (e.g., GDF-15, activin A) | n.a. | n.a. | |||
| Cell cycle arrest | p53 | qPCR from blood samples/staining of cultured cells/flow cytometry NGS/microarray | – – – | 66 | 561 |
| p16 | 27 | 422 | |||
| p21 | 21 | 435 | |||
| SA-βGal | Microscopy/flow cytometry | — | 9 | 359 | |
| SAHF | Histone fragments (H3K9Me2, HP1γ) | DAPI/heterochromatin staining | —° | 3 | 19 |
| Lamin B1 | Immunohistochemistr Western Blot | — | 0 | 12 | |
| Cell morphology (e.g., progerin) | Cell shape | Microscopy of cultured cells | — | n.a. | n.a. |
* rows are sorted by rc-score. ° on average (detailed in Supplementary Table 1, 5). n.a.: not assigned due to high variation of terminology in literature.