Table 1.
Blood-based biomarkers in ovarian cancer
| Expression or ratio | Potential clinical use | Example study | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | Studied biomarkers | Subsite | Patients(n) | |||
| Cell proliferation and invasion | ||||||
| Leptin | Increased | Poor prognosis | Kato, S., et al. (2015)16 | Leptin | EOC | 70 |
| miR-429 | Increased | Good prognosis | Meng, X., et al. (2015)17 | miR-429 | EOC | 180 |
| ADAM12 | Increased | Poor prognosis | Cheon, D. J., et al. (2015)18 | ADAM12 | HGSOC | 84 |
| Septin-9, clusterin | Increased | Poor prognosis | Lyu, N., et al. (2018)19 | Septin-9, clusterin | EOC | 137 |
| MMP3, TIMP3 | Increased | Poor prognosis | Cymbaluk-Ploska, A., et al. (2018)20 | MMP3, TIMP3 | OC | 104 |
| MSLN | Increased | Poor prognosis | Karolina Okla et al. (2018)21 | MSLN | EOC | 97 |
| CYFRA21-1 | Increased | Poor prognosis | Jin, C., et al. (2019)22 | CYFRA21-1 | EOC | 203 |
| Inflammation | ||||||
| NLR | Increased | Poor prognosis | Feng, Z., et al. (2016)23 | NLR | HGSOC | 875 |
| NLR | Increased | Poor prognosis | Li, Z., et al. (2017)24 | NLR | EOC | 654 |
| CRP / Alb | Increased | Poor prognosis | Liu, Y., et al. (2017)25 | CRP/Alb | OC | 200 |
| NLR, LDH | Increased | Poor prognosis | Mauricio, P., et al. (2018)26 | NLR, LDH | HGSOC | 128 |
| AFR | Decreased | Poor prognosis | Yu, W., et al. (2019)27 | AFR | EOC | 313 |
| NLR | Increased | Poor prognosis | Ceran, M. U., et al. (2019)28 | NLR | EOC | 244 |
| PLR | Increased | Poor prognosis | Ceran, M. U., et al. (2019)28 | PLR | EOC | 244 |
| NLR | Increased | Poor prognosis | Nomelini, R. S., et al. (2019)29 | NLR | OC | 72 |
| Angiogenesis | ||||||
| Fibulin-4 | Increased | Good prognosis | Chen, J., et al. (2015)30 | Fibulin-4 | OC | 160 |
| VEGF | Increased | Poor prognosis | Dobrzycka, B., et al. (2015)31 | VEGF | SOC | 92 |
| VEGF-A | Increased | Good prognosis | Komatsu, H., et al. (2017)32 | VEGF-A | EOC | 128 |
| LncRNA MALAT1 | Increased | Poor prognosis | Qiu, J. J., et al. (2018)33 | LncRNA MALAT1 | EOC | 60 |
| Antioxidant | ||||||
| 8-OHdG | Increased | Poor prognosis | Pylväs-Eerola, M., et al. (2015)34 | 8-OHdG | EOC | 112 |
| Immune response | ||||||
| TNFa/IL-4 ratio | Increased | Good prognosis | Hao, C. J., et al. (2016)35 | TNFa/IL-4 ratio | OC | 50 |
| sPD-L1 | Increased | Poor prognosis | Chatterjee, J., et al. (2017)36 | sPD-L1 | EOC | 71 |
| s-CD95L | Increased | Good prognosis | De La Motte Rouge, T., et al. (2019)37 | s-CD95L | HGSOC | 51 |
| absolute lymphocyte count | Decreased | Poor prognosis | Lee, Y. J., et al. (2019)38 | absolute lymphocyte count | OC | 537 |
| CD4/CD8 ratio | Decreased | Good prognosis | Waki, K., et al. (2020)39 | CD4/CD8 ratio | OC | 52 |
| Chemotherapeutic sensitivity | ||||||
| CEBPA, C.69.OG>T polymorphism (rs34529039) | Increased | Poor prognosis | Konopka, B., et al. (2016)40 | CEBPA, C.69.OG>T polymorphism (rs34529039) | OC | 118 |
| hyperfibrinogenemia | Increased | Poor prognosis | Feng, Z., et al. (2016)41 | hyperfibrinogenemia | HGSOC | 875 |
| ERCC1 | Expression | Poor prognosis | Chebouti, I., et al. (2017)42 | ERCC1 | OC | 65 |
| miR-135a-3p | Increased | Good prognosis | Fukagawa, S., et al. (2017)43 | miR-135a-3p | OC | 98 |
| Gal-8, Gal-9 | Increased | Poor prognosis | Labrie, M., et al. (2017)44 | Gal-8, Gal-9 | HGSOC | 160 |
| Mitotic process | ||||||
| Aurora A codon 57 SNP | Increased | Good prognosis | Niu, H., et al. (2017)45 | Aurora A codon 57 SNP | OC | 122 |
| EMT and metastasis | ||||||
| miR 200a, miR 200b, miR 200c | Increased | Poor prognosis | Zuberi, M., et al. (2015)46 | miR 200a, miR 200b, miR 200c | EOC | 70 |
| miR-200b, miR-200c | Increased | Poor prognosis | Meng, X., et al. (2016)47 | miR-200b, miR-200c | EOC | 163 |
| Deregulation of the cellular transport | ||||||
| KPNA2 | Increased | Poor prognosis | Huang, L., et al. (2017)48 | KPNA2 | EOC | 162 |
| Apoptosis process | ||||||
| survivin | Increased | Poor prognosis | Dobrzycka, B., et al. (2015)31 | survivin | SOC | 92 |
| Smac/DIABLO | Decreased | Poor prognosis | Dobrzycka, B., et al. (2015)31 | Smac/DIABLO | SOC | 92 |
| Others | ||||||
| miR-200c, miR-141 | Increased | Good prognosis | Gao, Y.C., et al. (2015)49 | miR-200C, miR-141 | EOC | 93 |
| Platelet counts | Increased | Poor prognosis | Chen, Y., et al. (2015)50 | Platelet counts | EOC | 816 |
| SFRA | Increased | Poor prognosis | Kurosaki, A., et al. (2016)51 | SFRA | EOC | 128 |
| OPN | Increased | Poor prognosis | Zivny, J. H., et al. (2016)52 | OPN | SOC | 66 |
| microRNA-125b (miR-125b) | Increased | Poor prognosis | Zuberi, M., et al. (2016)53 | microRNA-125b (miR-125b) | EOC | 70 |
| miR-125b | Increased | Good prognosis | Zhu, T., et al. (2017)54 | miR-125b | EOC | 135 |
| BGA | Expression | Good prognosis | Montavon Sartorius, C., et al. (2018)55 | BGA | OC | 282 |
| RASSF1A rs1989839C > T SNP | Increased | Poor prognosis | He, W., et al. (2018)56 | RASSF1A rs1989839C > T SNP | OC | 1375 |
| MACC1 and S100A4 transcripts | Increased | Poor prognosis | Link, T., et al. (2019)57 | MACC1 and S100A4 transcripts | OC | 79 |
| sP (Hyp-Leu,Glu-Phe-Trp) | Decreased | Good prognosis | Lu, X., et al. (2019)58 | sP (Hyp-Leu,Glu-Phe-Trp) | EOC | 98 |
Abbreviations: miR: MicroRNA; NLR: the ratio of neutrophil count to lymphocyte count; AFR: albumin-to-fibrinogen ratio; PLR: platelet lymphocyte ratio; SNP: single Nucleotide Polymorphism; MSLN: Mesothelin; AAK: Aurora A kinase; Gal: Galectin; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; sPD-L1: soluble PD - L1; OC: ovarian cancer; HGSOC: High grade serous ovarian cancer; EOC: epithelial ovarian cancer.