Table 4. Quality of included studies.
| Study | Description of
methods and sufficient detail to replicate |
Sample
sources clear |
Analysis &
reporting appropriate |
Is bias
dealt with |
Applicability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abrahão 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Akter 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Amoah 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Bloise 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | No | Yes |
| Ben-Shmuel 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Cheng 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Cheng 2020a | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Chia 2020 | No | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Colaneri 2020 | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
| Colaneri 2020a | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Unclear | Yes |
| D'Accolti 2020 | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| Declementi 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Ding 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Döhla 2020 | Unclear | Unclear | Yes | No | Yes |
| Escudero 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Feng 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | Unclear | Yes |
| Fernández-de-Mera 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | No | Yes |
| Ge 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | Unclear | Yes |
| Guo 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | No | Unclear |
| Harvey 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Hu 2020 | No | Unclear | No | No | Unclear |
| Hu 2020a | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Jerry 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Jiang 2020 | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Unclear | Yes |
| Jiang 2020a | Unclear | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Jin 2020 | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Unclear | Yes |
| Kim 2020 | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Unclear | Yes |
| Lee 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Lei 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Lui 2020 | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
| Lv 2020 | Yes | Yes | Unclear | No | Yes |
| Ma 2020 | No | Unclear | Yes | No | Yes |
| Maestre 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Marshall 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Moore 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Nakamura 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Nelson 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | Unclear | Yes |
| Ong 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Ong 2020a | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Ong 2020b | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | Unclear | Yes |
| Pasquarella 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | Unclear | Yes |
| Peyrony 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Piana 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Razzini 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Ryu 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Santarpia 2020 | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Unclear | Yes |
| Seyedmehdi 2020 | No | Unclear | Unclear | No | Unclear |
| Shin 2020 | Unclear | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Suzuki 2020 | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Unclear | Yes |
| Wee 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Wei 2020 | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Unclear | Yes |
| Wei 2020a | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Wang 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Wang 2020a | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Wong 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Wu 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | Unclear | Yes |
| Ye 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Yuan 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Yung 2020 | Unclear | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Zhang 2020 | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
| Zhou 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Zhou 2020a | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| Zuckerman 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
| 30 | 55 | 40 | 0 | 57 | |
| 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | |
| Yes | No/
Unclear |
||||
|
Description of methods and
sufficient detail to replicate |
47.6% | 52.4% | |||
| Sample sources clear | 87.3% | 12.7% | |||
|
Analysis & reporting
appropriate |
63.5% | 36.5% | |||
| Is bias dealt with | 0.0% | 100.0% | |||
| Applicability | 90.5% | 9.5% |