Table 3.
Multivariate Analysis of Predictive Factors of Mortality
| Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | HR (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | P Value |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Age >65 years | 2.4 (1.25–4.50) | .008a | 3.2 (1.39–7.18) | .006 |
| Male sex | 2.1 (0.93–4.81) | .07a | ||
| CSF leak | 0.4 (0.09–1.48) | .16 | ||
| Malignancy | 2.1 (0.94–4.50) | .07 | ||
| Alcohol abuse | 1.8 (0.91–3.68) | .09 | ||
| Hypertension | 1.6 (0.85–3.12) | .14 | ||
| Diabetes | 1.4 (0.66–2.96) | .38 | ||
| Neurological Complications | ||||
| Initial GCS score <13 | 3.1 (1.48–6.45) | .003a | 2.7 (1.13–6.53) | .02 |
| Acute hydrocephalus | 2.0 (1.04–3.78) | .04a | 2.4 (1.1–5.43) | .03 |
| Empyema | 2.8 (1.01–8.02) | .05a | ||
| Stroke | 2.2 (1.10–4.3) | .03a | ||
| Cerebral vasculitis | 6.8 (3.13–14.77) | <.0001a | ||
| Seizures at presentation | 2.0 (0.97–3.96) | .06 | ||
| Status epilepticus | 4.3 (2.02–9.19) | .0002a | 3.9 (1.49–10.04) | .005 |
| Microbiology and CSF Parameters | ||||
| Positive CSF direct examination | 2.0 (0.99–4.11) | .05 | ||
| Positive CSF culture | 2.5 (1.11–5.5) | .03a | 2.5 (1.06–5.89) | .04 |
| CSF protein >3 g/L | 3.1 (1.33–7.12) | .009a | ||
| Gram-negative bacilli | 1.6 (0.80–3.08) | .19 | ||
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 3.6 (1.25–10.35) | .02a | ||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; GCS, Glasgow coma scale; HR, hazard ratio.
aVariables included in the backward stepwise selection.