After being anaesthetized, mice common carotid artery and the bifurcation of the carotid artery were separated and ligated to establish the unstable carotid artery plaque models. Then, the mice were divided into 2-week group (n=6), water-2-week group (n=10), MMI-2-week group (n=10), LCA-2-week group (n=10), water-5-week group (n=10), MMI-5-week group (n=10) and LCA-5-week group (n=10) and the plasma samples were collected for the following detection. (A) Plasma level of TMAO was measured by using the ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). (B–E) The serum levels of total cholesterol (T-CHO), triacylglycerol (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured by using the enzymatic reagent kits (*P<0.05, compared with the 2-week group; #P<0.05, compared with the water-2-week group; +P<0.05, compared with the water-5-week group).