Table 2.
Average scores on the study questionnaires among all professionals
| Epidemic intensity | Welch’s F | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low | High | |||
| Mental health (/12) | 3.86 (2.86) | 4.33 (3.09) | 13.43 | < 0.001 |
| Overall perceived stress (/4) | 1.48 (0.52) | 1.57 (0.54) | 15.54 | < 0.001 |
| Dimension 1 (/4) | 2.1 (0.75) | 2.14 (0.76) | 1.67 | 0.197 |
| Dimension 2 (/4) | 1.36 (0.81) | 1.51 (0.82) | 21.34 | < 0.001 |
| Dimension 3 (/4) | 1.84 (0.76) | 1.86 (0.73) | 0.45 | 0.502 |
| Dimension 4 (/4) | 1.46 (0.73) | 1.57 (0.77) | 14.34 | < 0.001 |
| Dimension 5 (/4) | 0.95 (0.87) | 0.99 (0.91) | 1.19 | 0.275 |
| Dimension 6 (/4) | 0.68 (0.73) | 0.85 (0.75) | 34.81 | < 0.001 |
| Coping strategies | ||||
| Social support (/4) | 2.58 (0.82) | 2.61 (0.84) | 1.03 | 0.311 |
| Problem solving (/4) | 2.63 (0.92) | 2.7 (0.92) | 2.91 | 0.088 |
| Avoidance (/4) | 2.53 (0.97) | 2.66 (0.96) | 11.58 | 0.001 |
| Positive thinking (/4) | 2.86 (0.9) | 2.82 (0.91) | 1.2 | 0.273 |
Mean and standard deviation are reported. Dimension 1: COVID-19 specific stressors; Dimension 2: patient- and family-related emotional load; Dimension 3: complex/risky situations and skill-related issues; Dimension 4: workload and human resources management issues; Dimension 5: difficulties related to the team-working; Dimension 6: care provided in sub-optimal or conflictual conditions; PSI-CU: perceived stress scale in intensive care unit; GHQ-12: 12-item General Health Questionnaire