Table 2.
Long term effects on growth in adolescents who consumed low lactose milk in their childhood.
| Outcome measures | Groups | Adjusted difference (95% CI) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Casei † n = 60 |
Reuteri † n = 55 |
RC † n = 70 |
LC † n = 53 |
Casei vs. RCa n = 130 |
p-value | Reuteri vs. RCa n = 125 |
p-value | LC vs. RCa n = 123 |
p-value | |
| Changes in 10 yearsb | ||||||||||
| Height | 52.9 ± 9.3 | 51.9 ± 7.8 | 53.1 ± 9.3 | 54.1 ± 8.5 | 1.5 (− 2.1–5.2) | 0.41 | 1.9 (− 2.3–6.2) | 0.36 | 1.6 (− 1.9–5.1) | 0.38 |
| Weight | 35.2 ± 9.4 | 35.8 ± 10.2 | 35.0 ± 9.9 | 33.4 ± 7.6 | 0.1 (− 3.1–3.4) | 0.93 | 1.1 (− 2.5–4.6) | 0.56 | 1.5 (− 1.6–4.6) | 0.35 |
| HAZ | 0.1 ± 1.1 | 0.1 ± 0.7 | 0.1 ± 0.9 | 0.2 ± 1.0 | − 0.1 (− 0.4–0.2) | 0.46 | − 0.001 (− 0.3–0.3) | 0.99 | − 0.1 (− 0.4–0.2) | 0.61 |
| BMIZ | − 0.1 ± 1.0 | 0.3 ± 1.0 | 0.3 ± 1.2 | 0.1 ± 1.0 | − 0.3 (− 0.7–0.04) | 0.08 | − 0.01 (− 0.4–0.4) | 0.95 | 0.1 (− 0.2–0.5) | 0.44 |
BMIZ body mass index-for-age z-score, CI confidence interval, HAZ height-for-age z-score.
†Mean ± SD (all such values).
aGeneral linear model, adjusted for age, gender, and living area.
bChanges between the end of intervention and after 10-years follow up measurements.