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. 2021 Jun 4;11:11852. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-90502-1

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Transmission electron microscopy findings of intercalated discs in each group. (A) In the DCM group, ICDs were deteriorated and disorganized, the interdigitation of ICDs was disrupted throughout the tissue, and the junctions between cardiomyocytes and ICDs were obscured. Sarcomeres were arranged in a complex manner (scale bar, 1 μm; original magnification, × 6000). (B) In the control group, ICD ultrastructure was preserved. The finger-like folds of ICDs, called interdigitation, repeated at regular intervals (scale bar, 1 μm; original magnification, × 6000). (C) In the CHF group, ICDs were wider than in the control group, about two sarcomere widths. However, ICD ultrastructure as preserved. Interdigitation of ICDs was retained (scale bar, 1 μm; original magnification, × 6000).