Fig. 2.

Extracellular vesicle cargo composition during bacterial infection. Bacterial infection can lead to the release of different types of EVs. EVs are made up of major histocompatibility complex (MHCs), lipid rafts, tetraspanins, ESCRT proteins (Alix/TSG101), Rabs and integrin adhesion molecules. These surface molecules likely help with EV entry into the recipient cells. EVs cargo contains several different types of molecules that include heat shock proteins (HSPs), enzymes (ATPase, lactose dehydrogenase, GAPDH, MMPs, PGK1), small RNAs (miRNA, lncRNA), mRNA, DNA, metabolites, bacterial products).