Table 2.
The great pioneers of dermatology and their contributions.
| Austrian School | |
| Joseph Jacob Ritter von Plenck (1738–1807) | Doctrina de Morbis Cutaneis - classification of more than 150 dermatological diseases in 14 groups of dermatoses |
| First to classify dermatoses by primary lesions | |
| Ferdinand von Hebra (1816–1880) | First to classify dermatoses based on histopathological findings |
| Atlas der Hautkrankeiten – the first atlas of dermatology in German | |
| Moritz Kaposi (1837–1902) | First to describe idiopathic multiple pigmented sarcoma – Kaposi's sarcoma |
| First to describe herpetic eczema, lupus erythematosus, and xeroderma pigmentosum | |
| Heinrich Auspitz (1843–1878) | First to mention the terms "acanthoma" and "parakeratosis" |
| Established the relationship between the papillary dermis and the epidermis in psoriasis lesions, corroborating the semiological maneuver known as Auspitz's sign | |
| Paul Gerson Unna (1850–1929) | Description of histological structures of the skin and histopathological changes of skin lesions |
| Die Histopathologie der Hautkrankheiten – first publication dedicated to cutaneous histopathology | |
| Invention of the bandage technique – Unna boot | |
| British School | |
| Daniel Turner (1667–1741) | De Morbis Cutaneis – first book exclusively dedicated to skin diseases in English |
| First series of cases in dermatology: reported more than 100 cases of skin diseases | |
| Robert Willan (1757–1812) | On Cutaneous Diseases – 8 dermatoses orders, precise and organized definitions |
| Classification of dermatoses by morphological characteristics and clinical signs of lesions | |
| Recognized as father of modern dermatology and British dermatology | |
| Thomas Bateman (1778–1821) | Practical Synopsis on Cutaneous Diseases – continuation of the work of Robert Willan |
| First to describe molluscum contagiosum, alopecia areata, and ecthyma | |
| French School | |
| Jean Astruc (1684–1766) | De Morbis Venereis – first treatise on venereal diseases |
| Anne-Charles Lorry (1726–1783) | First to propose the concept of the skin as an organ |
| Tractatus de Morbis Cutaneis - classification of skin diseases according to physiological, pathological, and etiological similarities | |
| Jean-Louis Alibert (1768–1837) | Head of the first dermatology school/dermatological hospital (L'hôpital St Louis) |
| Proposed the model known as the Tree of Dermatoses | |
| Raymond Jacques Adrien Sabouraud (1864–1938) | Contributions to mycology in Dermatology - Les Trichophyties Humaines/Les Teignes |
| Inventor of the culture medium Agar Sabouraud | |