Table 4.
Identification of the predictors for persistent PFO or PDA at 6 and 12 months.
| Outcomes |
Persistent PFO or PDA at 6 months (n = 96) |
Persistent PFO or PDA at 12 months (n = 28) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | cHR (95% CI) | P value | aHR (95% CI) | P value | cHR (95% CI) | P value | aHR (95% CI) | P value |
| Gender (male) | 1.12 (0.72–1.73) | 0.619 | 1.04 (0.49–2.22) | 0.923 | ||||
| Fetal age (week) | 0.84 (0.77–0.92) | <0.001 | 0.83 (0.76–0.91) | <0.001 | 0.89 (0.77–1.03) | 0.106 | ||
| ≥37 weeks | 0.36 (0.20–0.66) | 0.001 | 0.65 (0.22–1.95) | 0.442 | ||||
| Birth weight (kg) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | <0.001 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.723 | ||||
| ≥2500 gm | 0.28 (0.16–0.49) | <0.001 | 0.89 (0.26–3.03) | 0.846 | ||||
| Maternal age (year) | 1.04 (0.99–1.10) | 0.107 | 0.97 (0.88–1.07) | 0.507 | ||||
| ≥35 years | 1.58 (0.83–2.98) | 0.161 | – | 0.997 | ||||
| cyanosis | 1.94 (0.80–4.71) | 0.146 | 0.75 (0.10–5.73) | 0.781 | ||||
| Cardiac murmur | – | 1.000 | – | 1.000 | ||||
| Family history of CHD | – | 1.000 | – | 1.000 | ||||
| Prenatal cardiac anomalies | 2.33 (0.59–9.16) | 0.227 | 5.23 (1.06–25.87) | 0.043 | 6.06 (1.21–30.21) | 0.028 | ||
| Neonatal extracardiac anomalies | – | – | – | – | ||||
| ASD at birth | 4.10 (0.90–18.60) | 0.068 | 10.54 (1.85–60.18) | 0.008 | 12.11 (2.11–69.72) | 0.005 | ||
| <5 mm | 2.68 (0.24–29.90) | 0.422 | – | – | ||||
| VSD at birth | 2.43 (0.73–8.04) | 0.147 | 2.00 (0.25–16.23) | 0.515 | ||||
| Complex CHD at birth | 7.33 (1.62–33.31) | 0.010 | 9.03 (1.97–41.46) | 0.005 | 10.48 (1.84–59.86) | 0.008 | 12.11 (2.11–69.72) | 0.005 |
Abbreviations: PFO: patent foramen ovale; PDA: patent ductus arteriosus; cHR: crude hazard ratio; aHR: adjusted hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; CHD: congenital heart disease; ASD: atrial septal defect; VSD: ventricular septal defect.