Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of Sister Study and Two Sister Study participants who were employed at breast cancer diagnosis and completed the Survivorship Survey (n = 1628), overall, and stratified by employment disruption and financial hardship
| Characteristic | Overall, No. (%)a | No employment disruption, No. (%)a | Employment disruption, No. (%)a | No financial hardship, No. (%)a | Financial hardship No. (%)a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total No. | 1628 | 1184 | 444 | 1286 | 342 |
| Study | |||||
| Sister Study | 725 (45.5) | 544 (45.9) | 181 (40.8) | 596 (46.3) | 129 (37.7) |
| Two Sister Study | 903 (55.5) | 640 (54.1) | 263 (59.2) | 690 (53.7) | 213 (62.3) |
| Census region of residence at enrollment | |||||
| Northeast | 290 (17.8) | 223 (18.8) | 67 (15.1) | 241 (18.7) | 49 (14.3) |
| Midwest | 506 (31.1) | 371 (31.3) | 135 (30.4) | 405 (31.5) | 101 (29.5) |
| South | 460 (28.3) | 331 (28.0) | 129 (29.1) | 362 (28.1) | 98 (28.7) |
| West | 370 (22.7) | 259 (21.9) | 111 (25.0) | 277 (21.5) | 93 (27.2) |
| Puerto Rico | 2 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.5) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.3) |
| Race or ethnicity | |||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1448 (88.9) | 1060 (89.5) | 388 (87.4) | 1158 (90.0) | 290 (84.8) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 79 (4.9) | 59 (5.0) | 20 (4.5) | 56 (4.4) | 23 (6.7) |
| Hispanic | 57 (3.5) | 40 (3.4) | 17 (3.8) | 41 (3.2) | 16 (4.7) |
| Non-Hispanic all other races | 44 (2.7) | 25 (2.1) | 19 (4.3) | 31 (2.4) | 13 (3.8) |
| Education | |||||
| High school degree or GED or less | 189 (11.6) | 134 (11.3) | 55 (12.4) | 139 (10.8) | 50 (14.6) |
| Some college or associate or technical degree | 451 (27.7) | 324 (27.4) | 127 (28.6) | 336 (26.1) | 115 (33.6) |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher | 988 (60.7) | 726 (61.3) | 262 (59.0) | 811 (63.1) | 177 (51.8) |
| Household income at enrollmentb | |||||
| <$20 000 | 21 (1.3) | 9 (0.8) | 12 (2.8) | 10 (0.8) | 11 (3.3) |
| $20 000-49 999 | 208 (13.1) | 144 (12.5) | 64 (14.8) | 140 (11.2) | 68 (20.2) |
| $50 00-99 999 | 659 (41.5) | 497 (43.1) | 162 (37.4) | 504 (40.3) | 155 (46.0) |
| ≥$100 000 | 699 (44.0) | 504 (43.7) | 195 (45.0) | 596 (47.7.) | 103 (30.6) |
| Missing | 41 (2.5) | 30 (2.5) | 11 (2.5) | 36 (2.8) | 5 (1.5) |
| Marital or partner status at cancer diagnosis | |||||
| Married or in serious relationship | 1355 (83.4) | 980 (83.0) | 375 (84.5) | 1091 (85.0) | 264 (77.4) |
| Not married and not in a serious relationship | 270 (16.6) | 201 (17.0) | 69 (15.5) | 193 (15.0) | 77 (22.6) |
| Missing | 3 (0.2) | 3 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.3) |
| Caregiving status during cancer treatment | |||||
| Caregiver for parents, children, grandchildren, or someone who was ill or disabled | 543 (33.4) | 376 (31.8) | 167 (37.6) | 415 (32.3) | 128 (37.5) |
| Not a caregiver | 1084 (66.6) | 807 (68.2) | 277 (62.4) | 871 (67.7) | 213 (62.5) |
| Missing | 1 (0.06) | 1 (0.08) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.3) |
| Type of employment at diagnosis | |||||
| Part-time | 386 (23.7) | 268 (22.6) | 118 (26.6) | 305 (23.7) | 81 (23.7) |
| Full-time | 1242 (76.3) | 916 (77.4) | 326 (73.4) | 981 (76.3) | 261 (76.3) |
| Leave benefits provided during treatmentc | |||||
| Paid leave | 916 (56.3) | 712 (60.1) | 204 (45.9) | 747 (58.2) | 169 (49.7) |
| Unpaid leave (including FMLA) | 539 (33.1) | 374 (31.6) | 165 (37.2) | 400 (31.2) | 139 (40.9) |
| Did not take at least a week of leave | 274 (16.8) | 237 (20.0) | 37 (8.3) | 226 (17.6) | 48 (14.1) |
| Type of health insurance during treatmentc | |||||
| Private insurance | 1525 (93.9) | 1118 (94.7) | 407 (91.9) | 1206 (93.9) | 319 (93.8) |
| Medicare | 68 (4.2) | 47 (4.0) | 21 (4.7) | 58 (4.5) | 10 (2.9) |
| Medicaid or other government program (includes military, Tri-Care, CHAMPUS, or the VA) | 68 (4.2) | 45 (3.8) | 23 (5.2) | 58 (4.5) | 10 (2.9) |
| Other | 15 (0.9) | 9 (0.8) | 6 (1.4) | 10 (0.8) | 5 (1.5) |
| No insurance | 12 (0.7) | 3 (0.3) | 9 (2.0) | 6 (0.5) | 6 (1.8) |
| Missing | 4 (0.2) | 3 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | 2 (0.6) |
| Health insurance coverage | |||||
| Covered during entirety of treatment | 1578 (97.3) | 1161 (98.5) | 417 (94.1) | 1267 (98.8) | 311 (91.5) |
| Not covered during at least some part of treatment | 44 (2.7) | 18 (1.5) | 26 (5.9) | 15 (1.2) | 29 (8.5) |
| Missing | 6 (0.4) | 5 (0.4) | 1 (0.2) | 4 (0.3) | 2 (0.6) |
| Prediagnosis comorbiditiesd | |||||
| 1+ comorbid condition | 142 (8.7) | 91 (7.7) | 51 (11.5) | 108 (8.4) | 34 (9.9) |
Nonmissing observations: percentage of nonmissing observations; missing observations: percentage of all observations. CHAMPUS = Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services; FMLA = Family and Medical Leave Act; VA = Veterans Affairs.
Prediagnosis income for Sister Study participants with incident breast cancer and postdiagnosis income for Sister Study participants who were identified as having a diagnosis that preceded enrollment activities, and Two Sister participants.
Categories are not mutually exclusive.
Conditions diagnosed before breast cancer diagnosis, including prior cancer (except for nonmelanoma skin cancer), diabetes, heart attack, heart failure, or stroke.