Fig. 3.
CoPoP/PHAD liposomes effectively adjuvant HA trimers. Mouse challenge was used to compare CoPoP/PHAD against CoPoP formulated without PHAD (CoPoP alone), ISA720, and alum. All vaccine formulations contained 50 ng A/canine/Illinois/11613/2015 HA trimers except for the control group. Mice were immunized on day 0 and 21 and challenged on day 42 with 2.5 × LD50 influenza A/Hong Kong/1/1968 (H3N2). (A) Average body weight, (B) percentage of mice with bodyweight loss less than 20%, (C) day 8 lung influenza virus titer, and (D) BAL WBC counts are shown. Data show mean ± SEM for n = 6 mice. Statistical analysis was performed for A by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s comparison against control, B by log-rank Mantel–Cox test, and C and D by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s comparisons. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ****P < 0.005.