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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Invest Dermatol. 2020 Jun 30;141(1):152–163. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.05.114

Figure 4. Phenformin induces the nuclear translocation of NFATc1 in keratinocytes.

Figure 4.

a-d: Human keratinocytes were cultured in the presence or absence of 1 mM phenformin (Phen) together with 5 μM CsA or VIVIT, followed by IF analyses with anti-NFATc1 (green, a) or anti-NFATc4 antibody (green, b). Percentages of nuclear positive staining of NFATc1 (c) and NFATc4 (d) in 200 nuclei (c, d) were calculated. Blue indicates DAPI staining of nuclei. Red arrows indicate nuclear staining of NFATc1. e: Nuclear fractions prepared from human keratinocytes under various drug treatment conditions were used for western blot analyses with the indicated antibodies. Laminin B1 was used as a loading control. a-b: bars = 50 μm. c: ***P<0.005. by Student’s two tailed t-test.