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. 2021 Jan 20;12(9):3264–3269. doi: 10.1039/d0sc05071g

Summary of liquid-assisted and neat grinding experiments performed with liquid additives that vary in their chemical nature (protic vs. aprotic), polarity (ε) and quantities used (η)a.

Liquid additive Protic vs. aprotic ε η/μL mg−1 Type of liquid additive
0.05 0.15 0.30
Hexane Aprotic 1.89 ■□ ○△ Catalytic
Ethyl acetate Aprotic 6.02
Acetone Aprotic 20.7
Acetonitrile Aprotic 37.5
Ethanol Protic 24.5 Inhibitive
Methanol Protic 32.7
2-Pyrrolidone Protic 23.6 Prohibitive
Nitromethane Aprotic 35.9
DMSO Aprotic 47.2
a

Amorphous salt: ■, physical mixture of reactants: ○, form I: △, form II: ▲.