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. 2021 Jun 1;14:2333–2352. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S305225

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© 2021 Saithong et al.

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Time-course of mouse characteristics in wild-type (WT), Pristane and FcGRIIB-/- groups as determined by lupus characteristics (serum creatinine, urine protein and anti-dsDNA) (A–C) and gut permeability defect (FITC-dextran assay) (D) are demonstrated (n = 5–7/time-point). Additionally, the parameters of mice at 40 wks old, including gut translocation of serum lipopolysaccharide (endotoxemia) and serum (1→3)-β-D-glucan (BG) (E and F), systemic inflammation (serum IL-6) (G) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in glomeruli using immunofluorescent staining of myeloperoxidase (MPO) (red color of Alexa Fluor 647) and neutrophil elastase (NE) (green color of Alexa Fluor 488) as indicated by the percentage of mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) (H and I) and the representative pictures (J) are demonstrated (n = 7–9/groups for E-I). *p < 0.05.