Table 1.
Articles included in this systematic review on the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease and health resource utilization and costs associated with cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Spain (2009–2019)
| First author of article [citation number] | Data collection period | Geographic range | Study design | Data source | Patients with T2DM (N) | CV-related outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alonso-Morán [15] | 2007–2011 | Regional: Basque Country | Retrospective cohort | Public Health Service databases | 149,015 | Prevalence (CHD, CVA, PAD, HF); incidence (ACS) |
| Ares [16] | 1998–2016 | Regional: Asturias | Population-based, retrospective cohort | Random sampling from the general population | 48 | Mortality |
| Arrieta [17] | 2012 | Regional: Madrid Community | Cross-sectional cohort study | Interviews with primary care physicians, expert panel analysis | 3268 | Costs (CVD) |
| Arrieta [18] | 2007–2010 | Regional: Madrid Community | Cross-sectional cohort study | Interviews with primary care physicians, expert panel analysis | 3268 | Incidence (CHD, CVA, PAD) |
| Arrieta [19] | 2007 | Regional: Madrid Community | Cross-sectional | Random sampling in primary healthcare centres | 3268 | Prevalence (CHD, CVA, PAD, HF) |
| Barrot-de la Puente [20] | 2011 | Regional: Catalonia | Population-based, cross-sectional | Electronic database | 318,020 | Prevalence (CVD, CHD, CVA, PAD, HF) |
| Cano [21] | 1993–2008 | Regional: Catalonia | Population-based prospective cohort | Recruitment in primary care centres | 2260 | Incidence (ACS, CHD); mortality |
| Camafort [22] | 2003–2009 | National | Prospective cohort | Hospital-based Risk Factors in Arterial Disease (FRENA) registry | 974 | Incidence (CHD, CVA, PAD, AMI); mortality |
| Carrasco-Sánchez [23] | 2008–2011 | National | Prospective cohort | Spanish National Registry on Heart Failure (RICA) | 490 | Prevalence (CHD, CVA, PAD, HF) |
| Catalán [24] | 2012–2013 | Local: Barcelona | Cross-sectional | Primary care centres survey of newly diagnosed T2DM patients | 106 | Prevalence (atherosclerosis) |
| Clua-Espuny [25] | 2013–2016 | Local: Terres de l’Ebre health area (Catalonia) | Retrospective cohort study | Catalonian Health Institute Registry of complex chronic patients | 494 | Prevalence (CHD, CVA, PAD, HF); mortality |
| Crespo [26] | 2012 | National | Retrospective | Various databases | 544,515 | Costs (CVD, PAD, CVA) |
| De Miguel-Yanes [27] | 2002–2014 | National | Retrospective study | National Hospital Discharge Database | 130,011 | Incidence (AAD, ALLI, AMI, CVA, CVD); mortality |
| De Pablos [28] | 2007 | National | Cross-sectional | Primary care centres survey | 601 | Prevalence (CHD, CVA, PAD) |
| Ferrer [29] | 2009 | Local: Baix Llobregat (Catalonia) | Population-based, prospective cohort | Random sampling in primary health centres | 85 | Prevalence (CHD, CVA, PAD, HF) |
| Flores-Le Roux [30] | 2000–2002 | Local: Hospital del Mar (Catalonia) | Retrospective cohort | Patients admitted to hospital CV unit | 149 | Prevalence (CHD, CVA, PAD); mortality |
| Formiga [31] | 2013–2014 | Local: Bellvitge University Hospital (Catalonia) | Retrospective cohort | Hospital admissions data | 240 | Prevalence (CHD, CVA); mortality |
| Franch-Nadal [32] | Up to 2009 | Regional: Catalonia | Population-based, cross-sectional | Database of electronic medical records | 286,791 | Prevalence (CVD) |
| Gámez [33] | 2011–2012 | National | Cross-sectional | Cardiology consultation sampling (SIRENA study) | 257 | Prevalence (HF, stroke, PAD) in women with CHD |
| González-Juanatey [34] | – | National | Cross-sectional | DIVA registry subanalysis | 2444 | Prevalence (CHD, CVA, PAD) |
| Gual [35] | – | National | Prospective cohort | LONGEVO-SCA registry of ACS patients aged ≥ 80 years | 212 | Prevalence (CHD, CVA, PAD) in ACS patients |
| Jiménez-Trujillo [36] | 2001–2012 | National | Retrospective cohort | National hospital discharge database | 10,491 | Incidence (thoracic aortic aneurysm) |
| Jurado [37] | 2001–2002 | Local: Girona (Catalonia) | Cross-sectional | Random sampling in primary care centres | 307 | Prevalence (CVD, CHD, PAD) |
| López-de-Andrés [38] | 2003–2012 | National | Retrospective cohort | Spanish National Hospital Database | 19,232 | Incidence (AAA); mortality (AAA) |
| López-de-Andrés [39] | 2001–2010 | National | Retrospective cohort | Spanish National Hospital Database | 155,676 | Incidence (AMI); mortality (AMI) |
| López-de-Andrés [40] | 2001–2006 | National | Retrospective cohort | Spanish National Hospital Database | 90,835 | Incidence (AMI); mortality (AMI); costs (AMI) |
| Navarro-Pérez [41] | 2008–2012 | Regional: Valencia Community | Population-based, prospective cohort | Electronic health records | 19,140 | Incidence (CHD, stroke) by HbA1c level; mortality |
| Mata-Cases [42] | 2010–2016 | Regional: Catalonia | Population-based, cross-sectional | Registry of primary health care system | 373,185 | Prevalence (CVD, HF) |
| Mata-Cases [43] | 2011 | Regional: Catalonia | Population-based, cross-sectional | Registry of primary health care system and SIDIAP database | 126,811 | Prevalence (CHD, CVA, PAD, HF); Costs (CVD, HF) |
| Mata-Cases [44] | 1991–2016 | Local: Sant Adrià de Besòs (Catalonia) | Retrospective cohort | Primary health centre | 469 | Incidence (CVD, AMI, CVA, PAD); mortality |
| Mata-Cases [45] | 1991–2000 | Local: Sant Adrià de Besòs (Catalonia) | Retrospective cohort | Registry in single primary health centre | 487 | Prevalence (CVD, CHD, CVA, PAD) |
| Mostaza [46] | – | National | Prospective cohort | Registry in major hospitals | 498 | Incidence (CVD, AMI); mortality |
| Mundet [47] | 2003 | Regional: Catalonia | Cross-sectional | Primary care health centres | 4298 | Prevalence (CVD, CHD, CVA) |
| Muñoz-Rivas [48] | 2001–2015 | National | Retrospective cohort | Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database | 553,775 | Incidence (HF); mortality (HF) |
| Muñoz-Rivas [49] | 2003–2012 | National | Retrospective cohort | Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database | 33,230 | Incidence (haemorrhagic stroke) |
| Muñoz-Rivas [50] | 2003–2012 | National | Retrospective cohort | Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database | 130,858 | Incidence (ischaemic stroke) |
| Orozco-Beltrán [51] | 2008–2012 | Regional: Valencia Community | Prospective cohort | Registry | 19,144 | Incidence (CHD, CVA) |
| Ortega [52] | 2009–2010 | National | Population-based, cross-sectional | Nurse-administered questionnaire and physician reports | 312 | Prevalence (CVD, CHD, CVA, PAD) |
| Palanca [53] | 2010–2012 | National | Prospective cohort | Database from the NEFRONA study | 698 | Incidence (CVD) in CKD patients |
| Peña-Longobardo [54] | 2011–2012 | National | Cross-sectional | Spanish National Health Survey | 1905 | Prevalence (CVD) |
| Pérez [55] | 2011–2012 | National | Cross-sectional | Primary health centres survey | 5382 | Prevalence (CVD, CHD, CVA, PVD) |
| Piniés [56] | 1998–2000 | Regional: Basque Country | Population-based, cross-sectional | Sentinel Practice Network of epidemiological surveillance database | 777 | Prevalence (CVD, CHD, CVA, PAD); incidence (CVD, CHD, CVA, PAD); mortality |
| Ramírez-Prado [57] | 2010–2014 | Local: Hospital del Elda (Alicante) | Retrospective cohort | Randomly selected cohort | 112 | Mortality |
| Ramos [58] | 2005–2015 | Regional: Catalonia | Retrospective cohort | Regional database of the primary care system | 7880 | Incidence (CVD, CHD, CVA) |
| Rodríguez-Poncelas [59] | 2011 | National | Cross-sectional | Primary health centres | 674 | Prevalence (CHD, CVA, PVD) |
| Salinero-Fort [60] | 2007–2012 | Local: Madrid metropolitan area | Prospective cohort | Random sampling from primary health centres | 3407 | Prevalence (CVD, CHD, CVA, PAD, HF); mortality |
| Salinero-Fort [61] | 2015 | Regional: Madrid Community | Population-based, cross-sectional | Population study of patients aged ≥ 90 years | 11,645 | Prevalence (CVD, CHD, CVA, PAD, HF) |
| Sancho-Mestre [62] | 2012 | Regional: Valencia Community | Cross-sectional | Electronic health records | 350,015 | Prevalence (CVD); costs (pharmaceutical) |
| Sicras-Mainar [63] | 2008–2009 | Regional: Badalona (Catalonia) | Retrospective cohort | Primary health care survey | 987 | Prevalence (CVD, CHD, CVA) |
| Sicras-Mainar [64] | 2010 | Local: Badalona (Catalonia) | Retrospective cohort | Primary health care survey | 3758 | Incidence (CVD); Costs |
| Vinagre [65] | 2009 | Regional: Catalonia | Retrospective cohort | Electronic health records | 286,791 | Prevalence (CHD, CVA, PAD) |
| Zapatero-Gaviria [66] | 2015 | National | Cross-sectional | Hospital discharges database: minimum basic data set of the Spanish Ministry of Health | 619,188 | Prevalence (CVD, CHD, CVA, PAD, HF); mortality |
AAA abdominal aortic aneurysm, AAD aortic aneurysm and dissection, ACS acute coronary syndrome, ALLI acute lower limb ischemia, AMI acute myocardial infarction, CHD coronary heart disease, CKD chronic kidney disease, CV cardiovascular, CVA cerebrovascular accident (stroke), CVD CV disease, HbA1c glycated haemoglobin, HF heart failure, HRU health resource utilization, PAD peripheral arterial disease, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus