Table 2.
Prevalence/frequency of CVD reported in studies of patients with T2DM in Spain (2009–2019)
| First author of article [citation number] (patient population analysed) | Patients with T2DM (N) | Male sex (%) | Age, years, mean (SD) | Disease duration, years, mean (SD) | HbA1c (%) | CVD (%) | CHD (%) | CVA (%) | PAD (%) | HF (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| General population with T2DM | ||||||||||
| National | ||||||||||
| De Pablos [28] | 601 | 48 | 68.3 | 12.4 | 7.3 | – | 16.7 | 9.15 | 6.2 | – |
| González-Juanatey [34] | 2444 | 56 | 65.2 | – | – | – | 37.0 | 12.0 | 13.0 | – |
| Ortega [52] | 312 | 55 | 61 | 7 | – | 17 | 11.3 | 3.5 | 4.2 | – |
| Peña-Longobardo [54] | 1905 | 45.4 | 67.9 (13.5) | – | – | 24.5 | – | – | – | – |
| Pérez [55] | 5382 | 53 | 66.7 (10.8) | 8.8 (6.3) | – | 23 | 11.9 | 5.5 | 10.1 | 8.4 |
| Rodríguez-Poncelas [59] | 674 | 51.0 | 63.7 (11.0) | 8.4 (6.4) | 7.3 (1.3) | – | 9.9 | 4.6 | 4.7 | – |
| Zapatero-Gaviria [66] | 619,188 | 56.8 | 73.2 | – | – | 40.8 | 9.4 | 10.3 | 9.1 | 20.1 |
| Regional studies | ||||||||||
| Alonso-Morán [15] (Basque country) | 149,015 | 53.96 | ≥ 35 | – | – | – |
11.45 M = 14.54 F = 7.83 |
6.96 M = 7.42 F = 6.42 |
2.5 M = 3.96 F = 0.97 |
4.32 M = 3.93 F = 4.79 |
| Piniés [56] (Basque country) | 777 | 52.8 | 63.5 (0.4) | – | 6.6 (0.0) |
14.5 M = 18.3 F = 10.4 |
8.8 M = 10.4 F = 7.1 |
4.4 M = 4.9 F = 3.8 |
4.0 M = 6.4 F = 1.4 |
– |
| Barrot-de la Puente [20] (Catalonia) | 318,020 | 53.8 | 68.8 (11.9) | 6.7 (6.2) |
M = 7.2 (1.4) F = 7.2 (1.3) |
6.9 M = 8.0 F = 5.7 |
12.5 M = 15.9 F = 8.6 |
5.9 M = 6.4 F = 5.3 |
4.0 M = 5.7 F = 2.0 |
5.5 M = 4.7 F = 6.6 |
| Franch-Nadal [32] (Catalonia) | 286,791 | 53.7 | 68.4 | 6.5 | 7.1 (1.4) |
18.4 M = 22.3 F = 13.8 |
– | – | – | – |
| Jurado [37] (Catalonia) | 307 | 61.6 | 59.6 (7.9) | 8.5 (7.0) | 7.0 (1.4) |
21.9 M = 28.3 F = 17.6 |
18.9 M = 22.6 F = 14.8 |
– |
4.5 M = 10.3 F = 2.2 |
– |
| Mata-Cases [42] (Catalonia) | 373,185 | 54.9 | 70.3 (12.1) | 8.7 | 7.1 (1.3) | 23.2 | – | – | – | 6.9 |
| Mata-Cases [43] (Catalonia) | 126,811 | 53.5 | 67.6 (11.7) | 6.2 | 7.1 (1.4) | – | 12.7 | 7.5 | 4.6 | 5.7 |
| Mata-Cases [45] (Catalonia) | 487 | 47 | 60.37 (10.9) | – | 7.1 (1.6) |
16.0 M = 21.4 F = 11.2 |
4.7 M = 4.8 F = 4.7 |
3.7 M = 5.7 F = 1.9 |
2.5 M = 3.5 F = 1.6 |
– |
| Mundet [47] (Catalonia) | 4298 | 48.2 | 67.4 (10.8) | – | 7.03 (1.43) | 16.1 | 5.6 | 12 | – | – |
| Sicras Mainar [63] (Catalonia) | 987 | 49.1 | 74.2 (6.2) | – | – | 30.4 | 15.9 | 19.6 | – | – |
| Vinagre [65] (Catalonia) | 286,791 | 53.7 | 68.2 (11.4) | 6.5 (5.1) | 7.15 (1.5) | – |
11.3 M = 14.3 F = 7.8 |
6.5 M = 7.1 F = 5.9 |
2.9 M = 4.2 F = 1.5 |
– |
| Arrieta [19] (Madrid) | 3268 | 50.3 | 68.8 (10.9) | 7.9 (7.4) | 7.03 (1.27) | – | 18.3 | 7.2 | 5.0 | 6.3 |
| Salinero-Fort [60] (Madrid) | 3407 | 50.3 | 69 (10.8) | 9.1 (7.7) | 7.1 (1.2) | 25.4 | 12.7 | 8.3 | 7.3 | 6.9 |
| Sáncho-Mestre [62] (Valencia) | 350,015 | 51.9 | 67.4 | – | – | 14.45 | – | – | – | – |
| Special T2DM populations (predetermined age range, additional comorbidities) | ||||||||||
| Carrasco-Sánchez [23] (hospitalized for HF) | 490 | 44.3 | 76.6 (8.4) | – | – | – | 27.8 | 14.3 | 16.5 | 79.8 |
| Clua-Espuny [67] (complex chronic patients) | 494 | 49.0 | 81.16 (8.0) | – | – | – | 22.1 | 19.4 | 18.4 | 30.4 |
| Ferrer [29] (age = 85 years) | 85 | 37.6 | 85 | 5.8 | 6.4 | – | 11.8 | 14.0 | 7.06 | 15.3 |
| Flores-Le Roux [30] (hospitalized for HF) | 149 | 48 | 71.4 (7.7) | – | – | – | 34 | 15 | 21 | – |
| Formiga [31] (aged ≥ 75 years, hospitalized for acute HF) | 240 | 37.9 | 82.4 (5) | – | – | – | 28.8 | 19.2 | – | – |
| Gámez [33] (women with CHD) | 257 | 0 | 70.5 (10.7) | – | – | – | – | 11.3 | 14.8 | 27.2 |
| Gual [35] (age ≥ 80 years, with ACS) | 212 | 61.3 | 83.7 (5) | – | – | – | 42.0 | 17.5 | 14.2 | 27.4 |
| Rodríguez-Poncelas [59] (renal function eGFR ≥ 60, UACR ≥ 30) | 85 | 48.2 | 64.3 (10.2) | 8.7 (6.3) | 7.8 (1.5) | – | 10.6 | 5.9 | 9.4 | – |
| Rodríguez-Poncelas [59] (renal function eGFR < 60, UACR < 30) | 311 | 81.7 | 72.4 (9.3) | 9.6 (6.5) | 7.1 (1.2) | – | 21.9 | 9.3 | 10.6 | – |
| Rodríguez-Poncelas [59] (renal function eGFR < 60, UACR ≥ 30) | 69 | 73.9 | 74.1 (9.7) | 12.6 (8.1) | 7.5 (1.1) | – | 27.5 | 10.1 | 26.1 | – |
| Salinero-Fort [60] (chronic kidney disease) | 3407 | 50.3 | 69 (10.8) | 9.1 (7.7) | 7.1 (1.2) | 30.2 | 17.6 | 12.6 | 10.6 | 11.1 |
| Salinero-Fort [61] (age ≥ 90 years) | 11,645 | 26.9 | 92.9 (2.5) | – | 6.8 (1.1) |
30.9 M = 39.5 F = 27.8 |
15.0 M = 21.5 F = 12.6 |
16.1 M = 16.5 F = 16.0 |
4.0 M = 8.5 F = 2.3 |
14.7 M = 14.0 F = 14.9 |
eGFR Estimated glomerular filtration rate, F female, M male, UACR urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio; for other abbreviations, see footnote Table 1