Table 1.
Demographic and clinico-pathologic data of the investigated groups
| Parameter | Breast cancer | Benign patients | Healthy controls | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 196 | 76 | 49 | – |
| Age (years, mean±SD) | 52.4 ± 9.1 | 52.0 ± 9.3 | 52.0 ± 9.3 | 0.923a |
| Menopause status (no. (%)) | ||||
| Pre-menopausal | 114 (58.2%) | 39 (51.3%) | 28 (57%) | 0.059 |
| Post-menopausal | 82 (41.8%) | 37 (48.7%) | 21 (42.9%) | |
| Tumor invasion | ||||
| DCI | 89 (45.4%) | |||
| IDC | 107 (54.6%) | |||
| Tumor depth (stage) | ||||
| Stage I | 57 (29.1%) | |||
| Stage II | 53 (27%) | |||
| Stage III | 70 (35.7) | |||
| Stage IV | 16 (8.2%) | |||
| Tumor histological grade | ||||
| Grade I | 64 (32.6%) | |||
| Grade II | 58 (29.6%) | |||
| Grade III | 74 (37.8%) | |||
| Lymph node invasion | ||||
| Negative | 101 (51.5%) | |||
| Positive | 95 (48.5%) | |||
| ER | ||||
| Negative | 67 (34.2%) | |||
| Positive | 129 (65.8%) | |||
| PgR | ||||
| Negative | 61 (31.1%) | |||
| Positive | 135 (68.9%) | |||
| HER-2/neu status | ||||
| Negative | 73 (37.2%) | |||
| Positive | 123 (62.8%) | |||
P > 0.05 is considered non-significant; P < 0.05 is considered significant
DCI duct carcinoma in situ, IDC invasive duct carcinoma, ER estrogen receptor, PgR progesterone receptor, Her2/neu human epidermal growth factor receptor-2
aData were represented as mean ±SD