Table 3.

Change in body mass and composition on ketogenic or control diets

First author, ref	Duration (d)	KD				CON
		Body Mass (kg)	Fat Mass (kg)	Fat Free Mass (kg)	Calculated Energy Balance (kcal/d)	Body Mass (kg)	Fat Mass (kg)	Fat Free Mass (kg)	Calculated Energy Balance (kcal/d)
Dostal et al. [26],	84	−3.6	− 2.9	− 0.7a	− 338	− 0.9	− 0.4	− 0.5a	− 52
Greene et al. [22],	84	− 1.7	0	−1.7	− 24	1.6	1.1	0.5	132
Gregory et al. [30],	42	− 3.5	− 2.8	− 0.4	−645	0.2	0.1	0.1	25
Heatherly et al. [24], L	21	−2.1	− 2.2	−0.1	− 1002	–	–	–	–
Kephart et al. [28],	84	−3	− 2.5	− 0.5	− 290	− 0.3	− 0.3	0	−34
LaFountain et al. [29],	84	− 7.7	−5.9	− 1.8a	− 693	0.1	− 0.6	0.7a	− 58
McSwiney et al. [16],	84	− 5.9	−4.6	0.3	− 517	− 0.8	− 0.5	0.1	−55
Nazaraweicz et al. [25],L	28	− 1.7	− 1.7a	0.0a	− 577	–	–	–	–
Paoli et al. [31],	56	− 0.8	− 1.4	0.6	− 250	1.3	− 0.9	2.2	202
Prins et al. [23],b	42	0.5	−0.2	0.4	−34	0.1	0.5	−0.4	102
Vargas et al. [15],	56	−1.4	− 1.1	− 0.3	− 193	0.9	− 0.4	1.4	−38
Vargas-Molina et al. [27],	56	−2.2	− 1.1	−0.7	− 202	0.8	0.4	0.7	83
Wilson et al. [11],	70	−2.6	− 4.2	1.5	− 545	0.6	− 2.2	2.7	− 253

^Lindicated longitudinal study design

^aindicates values calculated from available data

^bDelta calculated as day 42 – day 4