Table 3.
Anxiety, Burnout, Stress, Resilience, and Empathy Across the Professional Status Categories
| Consultant | Specialty Doctor | Trainee Doctor | Senior Nurse | Trainee Nurse | Other | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n=87 | n=51 | n=76 | n=101 | n=25 | n=24 | ||
| Scales | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | p value(a), |
| HARS Total | 5 (2–9) | 5 (3–9) | 7 (4–13) | 5 (1–7) | 5 (2–12) | 2.5 (0–11) | 0.011* |
| Maslach Total | 13 (6–25.5) | 13 (6–25.5) | 14 (7–29) | 9 (2–18) | 8 (3–15) | 11 (1–21.5) | 0.014* |
| Maslach A | 6 (2.5–12.5) | 7 (3–12.5) | 7 (2–10.5) | 4 (1–8) | 5 (1–9) | 5 (0–8.5) | 0.058 |
| Maslach B | 4 (1–8) | 2 (1–9) | 4.5 (0–11.5) | 2 (0–6) | 1 (0–6) | 1.5 (0–6.5) | 0.05* |
| Maslach C | 2 (0–6) | 3 (0–6.5) | 4.5 (1–9) | 1 (0–5) | 0 (0–2) | 1 (0–6) | 0.003** |
| PHQ-9 Total | 5 (2–8) | 5 (2.5–8) | 6 (3–8) | 4 (2–6) | 4 (2–7) | 3 (0.5–6.5) | 0.03* |
| Resilience Total | 71 (60.5–80.5) | 74 (63–84) | 70.5 (60–80.5) | 79 (68–87) | 80 (61–87) | 76.5 (65.5–87) | 0.03* |
| {HARS Total, Maslach A, Maslach B, Maslach C, PHQ-9 Total, Resilience Total} nonparametric multivariate permutation test, p=0.048* | |||||||
| Binary variable | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | p value,(b) |
| Empathy8 | 66 (75.9%) | 43 (84.3%) | 51 (67.1%) | 86 (85.1%) | 21 (84%) | 15 (62.5%) | 0.021* |
Notes: (a)Kruskal–Wallis test (six professional categories) (b)Chi-square test (proportions in the six professional categories) *Statistical significance, p < 0.05; **High statistical significance, p < 0.01.
Abbreviations: HARS, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale; IQR, inter-quartile range; N (%), observed frequency (percent); PHQ-9, 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire; Maslach, Maslach Burnout Inventory – General Survey.