. 2021 Jun 2;13:555–563. doi: 10.2147/JEP.S312649

Table 3.

In vivo Development of Rat Embryo After Treatment with Achyranthes aspera Leaf Extracts on Day-12 Experiment

Morphological End Point	Groups
Morphological End Point	G-I	G-II	G-III	G-IV
Number of embryos	41	42	40	38
Yolk sac circulation	3.65±0.32	3.33±0.43	3.36±0.5	3.04±0.42^a
Flexion	2.64±0.5	2.56±0.49	2.43±0.47	2.34±0.38
Heart	3.54±0.49	3.45±0.54	3.42±0.45	3.37±0.46
Caudal Neural Tube	4±0.00	3.93±0.13	3.89±0.23	3.87±0.21
Hind brain	3.91±0.5	3.85±0.48	3.73±0.42	3.43±0.47
Midbrain	3.53±0.46	3.57±0.42	3.48±0.47	3.36±0.52
Fore brain	3.52±0.38	3.51±0.52	3.45±0.53	3.41±0.38
Otic system	3.43±0.45	3.54±0.48	3.01±0.46^a	2.89±0.18^a
Optic system	2.65±0.34	2.43±0.38	2.12±0.52^b	1.68±0.44^a
Olfactory system	0.56±0.74	0.48±0.46	0.31±0.45^b	0.28±0.36^a
Branchial bars	3.32±0.48	3.28±0.42	2.89±0.36^b	2.67±0.31^a
Maxillary process	1.34±0.38	1.27±0.46	1.13±0.35	1.03±0.28^a
Mandibular process	0.48±0.54	0.43±0.47	0.32±0.43	0.06±0.01^a
Forelimb	1.98±0.01	1.89±0.03	1.73±0.05	1.65±0.12^a
Hindlimb	1.95±0.02	1.96±0.04	1.84±0.08	1.44±0.15^a

Notes: Statistical differences between the groups were analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range tests. Results are expressed as mean±SDM. ^a p<0.05, compared to pair-fed control and 250 mg/kg. ^b p<0.05 compared to the pair-fed control.