Table 6.
Mean chronic daily intake (CDI, μg/kg/day) of heavy metals for Akaki-Kality and Gullele tap water through drinking water ingestion (CDIing) and dermal contact (CDIder).
| Element | Akaki Kality sub-city |
Gullele sub-city |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDIing |
CDIder |
CDItotal |
CDIing |
CDIder |
CDItotal |
|||||||
| Adult | Child | Adult | Child | Adult | Child | Adult | Child | Adult | Child | Adult | Child | |
| Fe | 1.08 | 1.98 | 5.64 × 10−5 | 7.85 × 10−5 | 1.08 × 100 | 1.98 × 100 | 6.12 | 11.23 | 3.19 × 10−4 | 4.44 × 10−4 | 6.12 × 100 | 1.12 × 101 |
| Zn | 1.05 | 1.93 | 3.30 × 10−5 | 4.59 × 10−5 | 1.05 × 100 | 1.93 × 100 | 2.03 | 3.72 | 6.36 × 10-5 | 8.85 × 10−5 | 2.03 × 100 | 3.72 × 100 |
| Cu | 0.09 | 0.17 | 4.79 × 10−6 | 6.67 × 10−6 | 9.00 × 10−2 | 1.70 × 10−1 | 0.13 | 0.23 | 6.57 × 10−6 | 9.14 × 10−6 | 1.30 × 10−1 | 2.30 × 10−1 |
| Mn | 0.06 | 0.10 | 2.96 × 10−6 | 4.12 × 10−6 | 6.00 × 10−2 | 1.00 × 10−1 | 0.54 | 0.99 | 2.80 × 10−5 | 3.90 × 10−5 | 5.40 × 10−1 | 9.90 × 10−1 |
| Ni | 0.03 | 0.05 | 2.67 × 10−7 | 3.72 × 10−7 | 3.00 × 10−2 | 5.00 × 10−2 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Cr | 0.05 | 0.09 | 5.06 × 10−6 | 7.05 × 10−6 | 5.00 × 10−2 | 9.00 × 10−2 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Pb | 0.12 | 0.23 | 2.56 × 10−5 | 3.57 × 10−5 | 1.20 × 10−1 | 2.30 × 10−1 | 0.15 | 0.27 | 3.10 × 10−5 | 4.31 × 10−5 | 1.50 × 10−1 | 2.70 × 10−1 |
| As | 0.05 | 0.09 | 7.29 × 10−6 | 1.02 × 10−5 | 5.00 × 10−2 | 9.00 × 10−2 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 1.70 × 10−6 | 2.36 × 10−6 | 1.00 × 10−2 | 2.00 × 10−2 |
CDI total = CDIing + CDIder.