Table 3.
Dietary food intake in relation to the risk of liver injury and liver dysfunction during tuberculosis treatmenta.
| Quantile of food intakeb | n | Liver injury OR (95%CI) | Pc | n | Liver dysfunction OR (95%CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Refined grain (g/d) | ||||||
| <228.6 | 216 | 1.90 (0.77–4.70) | 0.166 | 216 | 0.77 (0.45–1.30) | 0.320 |
| 228.6–414.3 | 187 | 2.02 (0.81–5.02) | 0.132 | 187 | 1.01 (0.59–1.72) | 0.985 |
| ≥414.3 | 185 | Reference category | 185 | Reference category | ||
| Whole grain (g/d) | ||||||
| <6.7 | 207 | 0.48 (0.21–1.12) | 0.089 | 207 | 1.14 (0.67–1.92) | 0.635 |
| 6.7–57.1 | 165 | 0.61 (0.29–1.28) | 0.187 | 165 | 1.12 (0.68–1.83) | 0.661 |
| ≥57.1 | 216 | Reference category | 216 | Reference category | ||
| Poultry (g/d) | ||||||
| <5.0 | 196 | 0.78 (0.33–1.84) | 0.570 | 196 | 1.13 (0.67–1.91) | 0.657 |
| 5.0–14.3 | 194 | 0.92 (0.45–1.91) | 0.833 | 194 | 0.62 (0.37–1.04) | 0.071 |
| ≥14.3 | 198 | Reference category | 198 | Reference category | ||
| Meat (g/d) | ||||||
| <14.3 | 209 | 1.13 (0.44-2.87) | 0.799 | 209 | 1.15 (0.65–2.04) | 0.631 |
| 14.3–50.0 | 141 | 2.16 (0.99–4.74) | 0.054 | 141 | 1.46 (0.84–2.54) | 0.175 |
| ≥50.0 | 138 | Reference category | 138 | Reference category | ||
| Vegetable (g/d) | ||||||
| <78.6 | 129 | 1.36 (0.44–4.18) | 0.588 | 129 | 2.10 (1.11–3.95) | 0.022 |
| 78.6–200.0 | 113 | 3.50 (1.52–8.08) | 0.003 | 113 | 2.37 (1.31–4.29) | 0.004 |
| ≥200.0 | 346 | Reference category | 346 | Reference category | ||
| Starchy vegetable (g/d) | ||||||
| <13.3 | 182 | 0.82 (0.35–1.94) | 0.654 | 182 | 0.76 (0.44–1.31) | 0.323 |
| 13.3–42.9 | 188 | 0.80 (0.38–1.67) | 0.553 | 188 | 0.72 (0.44–1.17) | 0.187 |
| ≥42.9 | 218 | Reference category | 218 | Reference category | ||
| Fruit (g/d) | ||||||
| <14.3 | 188 | 0.69 (0.29–1.64) | 0.406 | 188 | 0.75 (0.43–1.29) | 0.293 |
| 14.3–71.4 | 182 | 0.90 (0.43–1.92) | 0.788 | 182 | 0.86 (0.52–1.42) | 0.558 |
| ≥71.4 | 218 | Reference category | 218 | Reference category | ||
| Tofu and bean (g/d) | ||||||
| <21.4 | 162 | 1.00 (0.47–2.14) | 0.998 | 162 | 0.87 (0.52–1.47) | 0.606 |
| 21.4–42.9 | 241 | 0.75 (0.36–1.56) | 0.433 | 241 | 0.80 (0.49–1.29) | 0.350 |
| ≥42.9 | 185 | Reference category | 185 | Reference category | ||
| Egg (g/d) | ||||||
| <42.9 | 222 | 1.00 (0.48–2.11) | 0.998 | 222 | 1.18 (0.73–1.93) | 0.502 |
| 42.9–57.1 | 141 | 0.69 (0.32–1.52) | 0.364 | 141 | 0.69 (0.40–1.18) | 0.174 |
| ≥57.1 | 225 | Reference category | 225 | Reference category | ||
| Fish (g/d) | ||||||
| <3.3 | 159 | 1.20 (0.49–2.93) | 0.684 | 159 | 1.64 (0.91–2.94) | 0.098 |
| 3.3–14.3 | 262 | 1.12 (0.54–2.32) | 0.768 | 262 | 1.33 (0.81–2.19) | 0.268 |
| ≥14.3 | 167 | Reference category | 267 | Reference category | ||
| Cooking oil (g/d) | ||||||
| <58.3 | 211 | 0.44 (0.20–0.96) | 0.040 | 211 | 0.51 (0.31–0.85) | 0.009 |
| 58.3–100.0 | 167 | 0.73 (0.35–1.54) | 0.411 | 167 | 0.63 (0.38–1.05) | 0.078 |
| ≥100.0 | 210 | Reference category | 210 | Reference category | ||
| Dairy (g/d) | ||||||
| 0 | 258 | 1.17 (0.53–2.57) | 0.702 | 258 | 1.06 (0.64–1.74) | 0.833 |
| 0.01–64.3 | 137 | 1.74 (0.81–3.74) | 0.158 | 137 | 1.26 (0.74–2.15) | 0.392 |
| >64.3 | 193 | Reference category | 193 | Reference category | ||
| Shrimp | ||||||
| No | 385 | 0.88 (0.42–1.81) | 0.719 | 385 | 0.94 (0.58–1.54) | 0.818 |
| Yes | 203 | Reference category | 203 | Reference category | ||
| Tea | ||||||
| No | 554 | 0.82 (0.26–2.59) | 0.735 | 554 | 0.96 (0.42–2.18) | 0.915 |
| Yes | 34 | Reference category | 34 | Reference category | ||
Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for tuberculosis-drug-induced liver injury and liver dysfunction. The model was adjusted by age, sex, area, energy intake, diabetes, education level, BMI and outdoor exercise.
The intake of each food category was divided into three quantiles, while the intake of shrimp and tea was divided into two groups. The highest quantile was used as the reference group.
P was calculated with the use of multivariate logistic regression model for liver injury and liver dysfunction. P values were labeled in bold if they were less than 0.05.