Fig. 7.

Qu protects against microglia activation-mediated neurotoxicity in vitro.

Mesencephalic and hippocampal primary neurons were treated with conditioned media (CM) from miroglia

cells exposed to LPS

+

ATP with or without Qu (30 μM) pretreatment or treated with CM from LPS + ATP + Qu treated-microglia plus recombinant IL-1β (50 ng/ml) for 24 h

(a) Protocol of treatment. Primary mesencephalic and hippocampal neurons were incubated with the microglia-derived CM mixed with neurobasal medium for 12

h followed by the bioassay.

(b) Cell viability of primary neurons was assayed by the CCK8 assay.

(c–d) Representative images of TH immunostaining of mesencephalic neurons (c). White arrows indicate the nucleus. Scale bars as indicated. Quantification of the total neurite length (d). There was a total of 27–30 neurons/condition (3 wells/group and 9–10 neurons/well).

(e–f) Primary hippocampal neurons were stained with Hoechst and imaged by fluorescence microscopy (e).Quantitative analysis of the Hoechst positive cells with condensed nuclei (f). Scale bar, 20 μm.

Data are shown as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Ctl, untreated control; Qu, quercetin; LPS, lipopolysaccharide.