Table 2.
Inflammation, coagulation, and ventilation parameters after start of methylprednisolone.
| Day-1 | Day 0 | Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 7 | Day 14 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflammation | |||||||
| Leukocytes (109/L) | 12.8 (8.7-17.4)* (n = 23) | 15.0 (10.4-18.6) (n = 25) | 11.5 (8.2-16.4)* (n = 23) | 11.8 (8.0-18.0) (n = 22) | 11.6 (8.4-14.3) (n = 21) | 16.0 (14.3-21.0) (n = 17) | 14.8 (12.2-20.1) (n = 15) |
| Lymphocytes (%) | 12.6 (11.0-15.0) (n = 21) | 10.5 (7.7-13.8) (n = 23) | 7.0 (5.3-11.3)* (n = 22) | 7.2 (6.1-11.2)* (n = 22) | 8.8 (5.8-11.8)* (n = 20) | 12.0 (9.5-15.7) (n = 12) | 14.7 (6.6-18.4) (n = 7) |
| Neutrophils (%) | 73.6 (69.3-77.3) (n = 16) | 74.8 (72.0-84.2) (n = 18) | 86.4 (83.4-90.0)* (n = 17) | 79.9 (75.2-83.4) (n = 15) | 77.1 (70.2-81.0) (n = 13) | 63.8 (62.2-73.1) (n = 9) | 71.6 (65.8-80.5) (n = 6) |
| C-Reactive Protein (mg/L) | 215 (156-279) (n = 23) | 170 (105-259) (n = 25) | 158 (105-174) (n = 23) | 87 (48-152)* (n = 22) | 57 (23-78)* (n = 21) | 32 (25-53)* (n = 18) | 35 (11-70)* (n = 15) |
| Procalcitonin (ng/mL) | 2.0 (0.63-1.61) (n = 21) | 1.03 (0.63-2.21) (n = 23) | 1.28 (0.57-3.02) (n = 21) | 0.76 (0.38-1.28) (n = 21) | 0.59 (0.34-1.18)* (n = 20) | 0.35 (0.25-1.06)* (n = 13) | 0.17 (0.11-0.48)* (n = 7) |
| Ferritin (mg/L) | 1607 (1169-2434) (n = 22) | 1510 (1234-2664) (n = 24) | 1397 (841-2509) (n = 22) | 1330 (871-2468) (n = 22) | 1109 (884-2831) (n = 20) | 1114 (621-1866)* (n = 13) | 1070 (727-1624) (n = 7) |
| Interleukin 6 (pg/mL) | 79 (43-108) (n = 20) | 103 (52-187) (n = 23) | 10 (8-22)* (n = 19) | 4 (3-7)* (n = 18) | 5 (3-15)* (n = 20) | 22 (15-32) (n = 12) | 18 (9-24) (n = 6) |
| Coagulation | |||||||
| Thrombocytes (10^9/L) | 374 (298-452) (n = 23) | 390 (323-476) (n = 25) | 440 (290-491) (n = 22) | 475 (335-512)* (n = 21) | 458 (331-548)* (n = 21) | 391 (291-451) (n = 17) | 263 (190-368)* (n = 15) |
| D-dimers (mg/L) | 2.79 (1.31-6.77) (n = 21) | 3.78 (1.19-5.49) (n = 24) | 2.46 (1.10-3.91)* (n = 22) | 1.79 (0.96-3.13)* (n = 22) | 1.75 (1.13-3.30)* (n = 20) | 2.67 (1.50-4.86) (n = 13) | 1.63 (1.26-2.85) (n = 7) |
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 7.0 (6.0-7.7) (n = 20) | 7.1 (6.1-8.0) (n = 23) | 7.2 (5.7-8.1) (n = 22) | 5.5 (4.9-6.6)* (n = 22) | 4.9 (4.2-6.3)* (n = 20) | 5.0 (4.5-5.7)* (n = 13) | 4.8 (4.3-6.5) (n = 7) |
| Anti-Xa-level (U/mL) | 0.49 (0.29-0.60) (n = 14) | 0.52 (0.41-0.65) (n = 15) | 0.59 (0.43-0.71) (n = 16) | 0.66 (0.27-0.84) (n = 14) | 0.72 (0.40-0.94) (n = 14) | 0.53 (0.34-0.65) (n = 13) | 0.41 (0.38-0.55) (n = 10) |
| APTT (seconds) | 36 (32-53) (n = 13) | 35 (26-52) (n = 17) | 50 (40-60) (n = 14) | 40 (28-54) (n = 12) | 33 (19-36) (n = 13) | 33 (30-39) (n = 11) | 28 (25-33) (n = 8) |
| Heparin (IU/day) | 49200 (29125-59100) (n = 16) | 50400 (34850-58200) (n = 17) | 49200 (36000-60000) (n = 15) | 42600 (17800-55500) (n = 14) | 40800 (30925-55800) (n = 12) | 32200 (24600-45900)* (n = 12) | 36100 (20100-44475) (n = 10) |
| Mechanical ventilation | |||||||
| PaO2/FiO2Ratio (mm Hg) | 125 (103-209) (n = 23) | 150 (113-203) (n = 24) | 161 (113-210) (n = 22) | 175 (117-221) (n = 22) | 178 (119-236)* (n = 21) | 248 (196-312)* (n = 16) | 255 (235-342)* (n = 11) |
| Positive end-expiratory pressure (cm H2O) | 13 (11-16) (n = 23) | 12 (10-16) (n = 24) | 12 (10-16) (n = 22) | 10 (8-15) (n = 22) | 10 (9-15)* (n = 21) | 10 (8-13)* (n = 16) | 7 (7-11)* (n = 11) |
| Peak pressure (cm H2O) | 29 (27-34) (n = 23) | 31 (27-34) (n = 24) | 32 (26-34) (n = 22) | 32 (25-36) (n = 22) | 28 (26-34) (n = 21) | 25 (20-30)* (n = 16) | 18 (13-22)* (n = 11) |
| Compliance, respiratory system (mL/cm H2O) | 30.0 (22.8-38.0) (n = 14) | 27.5 (21.8-40.0) (n = 10) | 28.0 (22.0-55.0) (n = 11) | 29.0 (25.3-40.5) (n = 10) | 30.0 (26.3-37.8) (n = 10) | 46.0 (36.0-66.0)* (n = 10) | 65.5 (42.8-75.8) (n = 8) |
| Minute volume (L/min) | 14.5 (11.5-16.3)* (n = 23) | 15.9 (12.1-19.1) (n = 24) | 13.9 (12.2-17.3)* (n = 22) | 14.7 (11.8-17.0) (n = 22) | 13.6 (11.8-17.3)* (n = 21) | 14.9 (11.6-16.6) (n = 16) | 14.8 (12.4-16.3) (n = 11) |
| End-tidal CO2 (kPa) | 4.9 (4.4-5.5) (n = 18) | 4.7 (3.9-5.8) (n = 23) | 4.4 (3.8-5.1) (n = 21) | 4.4 (4.0-5.0) (n = 20) | 4.7 (3.9-5.9) (n = 18) | 4.5 (4.1-5.0) (n = 15) | 4.2 (3.9-4.5) (n = 10) |
| PaCO2 (kPa) | 6.1 (5.8-6.9) (n = 23) | 6.4 (5.3-7.5) (n = 25) | 6.3 (5.6-7.3) (n = 23) | 6.2 (5.5-6.6) (n = 22) | 6.2 (5.4-7.1) (n = 21) | 5.8 (5.0-6.2) (n = 18) | 5.3 (4.7-5.6)* (n = 15) |
| ΔCO2 (kPa) | 1.8 (0.9-4.8) (n = 20) | 1.5 (.9-2.6) (n = 24) | 1.6 (1.3-2.8)* (n = 23) | 1.6 (1.1-2.2) (n = 22) | 1.7 (0.9-1.7) (n = 18) | 1.3 (0.9-1.7) (n = 18) | 1.4 (0.9-4.3) (n = 15) |
Abbreviations: ΔCO2 CO2 gap PaCo2, minus End-Tidal CO2; FiO2, fraction of inspired oxygen; PaCO2, partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide; PaO2, partial pressure of arterial oxygen.
*
Statistically significant as compared to Day 0 (P < .05), tested with the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Data are presented as median (interquartile range). Day 0 is the start of methylprednisolone, Day-1 the day before start of treatment, Day 1-14 the days after start of treatment.