Table 3.

Surgery during Playing Years among Men in the Highest Quartile of Concussion Symptoms, by Prevalence of Moderate or Severe Cognition-Related Quality of Life, Harvard Football Players Health Study, 2015–2019 (N = 972)

	Healthy concussed*	Unhealthy concussed
	n = 208	n = 764
Type of surgery
Neck	7.2	7.1
Back	7.2	9.2
Knee	54.8	55.6
Ankle	20.7	19.0
Shoulder	29.3	28.7
Hand	26.4	24.5
Anterior cruciate ligament	24.5	21.3
Number of types of surgery	1.7	1.7

^*The table is restricted to men in the top quartile of self-reported concussion symptoms at the time of football injury. “Unhealthy concussed” are men who reported current moderate or severe impairment in cognition-related quality of life. “Healthy concussed” men did not report moderate or severe impairment. No difference between the groups is statistically significant at p < 0.05.