Table 1.
Demographic Characteristics among Frontline Workers, Nonfrontline Workers, and Overall Sample
| FL (n = 771), n (%) | NFL (n = 1,035), n (%) | Overall (N = 1,806), n (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| White, non-Hispanic | 423 (54.9) | 603 (58.3) | 1,026 (56.8) |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 25 (3.2) | 31 (3.0) | 56 (3.1) |
| Asian, non-Hispanic | 142 (18.4) | 151 (14.6) | 293 (16.2) |
| Hispanic/Latinx | 67 (8.7) | 86 (8.3) | 153 (8.5) |
| Other, non-Hispanic or unknown | 21 (14.8) | 22 (15.8) | 43 (15.4) |
| Age (mean ± SD)a | 42.4 ± 6.0 | 42.7 ± 6.7 | 42.6 ± 6.4 |
| Number of children (median, IQR)b | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) |
| Age of childrenb | |||
| Preschool (<6 years)* | 331 (42.9) | 496 (47.9) | 827 (45.8) |
| Elementary age (6–10 years)* | 345 (44.7) | 404 (39.0) | 749 (41.5) |
| Middle/high school age (11–18 years) | 237 (30.7) | 279 (27.0) | 516 (28.6) |
| Adult children (19+ years) | 65 (8.4) | 100 (9.7) | 165 (9.1) |
| Pregnancy/no children* | 21 (2.7) | 14 (1.4) | 35 (1.9) |
| Missing | 81 (10.5) | 121 (11.7) | 202 (11.2) |
| Employed** | |||
| Full-time | 593 (76.9) | 687 (66.4) | 1,280 (70.9) |
| Part-time | 90 (11.7) | 197 (19.0) | 287 (15.9) |
| Unemployed | 5 (0.6) | 17 (1.6) | 22 (1.2) |
| Prefer not to answer or missing | 83 (10.8) | 134 (12.9) | 217 (12.0) |
| Clinical practice typec | |||
| Inpatient, in-person (hospital)** | 507 (65.8) | 303 (29.3) | 810 (44.9) |
| Outpatient, in-person (clinic) | 400 (51.9) | 564 (51.9) | 964 (53.4) |
| Inpatient, via telehealth | 49 (6.4) | 74 (7.4) | 123 (6.8) |
| Outpatient, via telehealth** | 376 (48.8) | 667 (64.4) | 1,043 (57.8) |
| No direct patient care** | 3 (0.4) | 142 (13.7) | 145 (8.0) |
*
Significant differences between groups: p < 0.05.
**
Significant differences between groups: p < 0.001.
a
Calculated from 1,762 participant responses; Missing: n = 44.
b
Calculated from 1,604 participant responses; Missing: n = 202.
c
Clinical practice setting in the last 2 weeks; categories not mutually exclusive.
FL, frontline worker; IQR, interquartile range; NFL, nonfrontline worker; SD, standard deviation.