Receiver operator curve which is the plot of the TPR and FPR (A), and precision-recall curve which is the plot of the PPV and the model sensitivity (B), and probability outputs from the CNN across chest radiograph annotation categories, showing median, 25th and 75th percentile, and 1·5 × IQR (C). Dots represent points outside this range. CNN=convolutional neural network. ARDS=acute respiratory distress syndrome. AUROC=area under the receiver operator characteristic curve. AUPRC=area under the precision-recall curve. TPR=true positive rate. FPR=false positive rate. PPV=positive predictive value.