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Cephalometric measurements. A horizontal reference plane (HRP) was drawn 7° upward from the sella-nasion line at nasion, and a vertical reference plane (VRP) was drawn perpendicular to the HRP through sella. PP indicates palatal plane; MP mandibular plane; N, nasion; Me, menton; U1 and L1, the maxillary and mandibular central incisor, respectively; U6 and L6, the maxillary and mandibular first molar, respectively; OJ, overjet; OB, overbite; Pog, pogonion.
