Table 2.
Patient Attributes of Adults With NAFLD With a Liver Biopsy Within 1 Year of Enrollment*
| Patient Attribute ‡ | Liver Biopsy (n = 455) | No Liver Biopsy (n = 2,333) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at study entry (years) | |||
| Median (n) | 56 (455) | 59 (2332) | <0.0001 |
| Mean (SD) | 53.5 (13.4) | 57.3 (13.3) | |
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Female | 284 (62.4) | 1,327 (56.9) | 0.03 |
| Race, n (%) | |||
| White | 381 (83.7) | 1,642 (70.4) | <0.0001 |
| Black or African American | 30 (6.6) | 119 (5.1) | |
| Asian | 15 (3.3) | 365 (15.6) | |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| Hispanic or Latino | 68 (15.0) | 279 (12.0) | 0.07 |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 371 (81.7) | 1,956 (83.9) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) at enrollment † | |||
| Median (n) | 33.0 (448) | 33.0 (2,179) | 0.0032 |
| Mean (SD) | 34.6 (8.4) | 33.5 (7.7) | |
| Diabetes, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 250 (54.9) | 1,105 (47.4) | 0.0007 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 286 (62.9) | 1,390 (59.6) | 0.01 |
| Mental health diagnosis, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 247 (54.3) | 1,065 (45.6) | <0.0001 |
| Osteoarthritis, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 60 (13.2) | 216 (9.3) | 0.01 |
| Sleep apnea, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 116 (25.5) | 461 (19.8) | 0.0030 |
| Autoimmune/rheumatologic, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 40 (8.8) | 125 (5.4) | 0.0045 |
| FIB‐4 score | |||
| Median (n) | 1.59 (404) | 1.42 (2033) | 0.0033 |
| ALT (IU/L) | |||
| Median (n) | 51.0 (429) | 33.0 (2,246) | <0.0001 |
| Mean (SD) | 73.0 (72.1) | 43.6 (35.0) | |
| ALP (IU/L) | |||
| Median (n) | 81.0 (423) | 81.0 (2,221) | 0.3086 |
| Mean (SD) | 95.5 (47.8) | 92.3 (49.5) | |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | |||
| Median (n) | 0.6 (426) | 0.6 (2,221) | 0.05 |
| Mean (SD) | 0.7 (0.8) | 0.8 (0.9) | |
| Albumin (g/dL) | |||
| Median (n) | 4.3 (415) | 4.2 (2,196) | 0.0008 |
| Mean (SD) | 4.2 (0.5) | 4.1 (0.6) | |
| Platelets (103/uL) | |||
| Median (n) | 211 (409) | 211 (2,119) | 0.12 |
| Mean (SD) | 216 (79.7) | 207 (91.0) |
Note: Analysis excludes 686 patients who had a biopsy more than 1 year before enrollment. Academic centers included those institutions with a teaching component; centers not meeting this criterion were considered community.
Index date: For participants with no biopsy, outcome variables are assessed at the time of enrollment. This group had no biopsy at any time in any available records. For participants with a biopsy, outcome variables are assessed at the time of biopsy.
BMI calculated based on the most recent height and weight measurement up to or at the time of the index date.
History of comorbid disease or medications were indication of disease before or at the time of the index date. Lab values and results from the imaging or scan were within 6 months before or after the index date. Multiple other clinical variables were analyzed but excluded from the table for readability.
Abbreviation: ALP, alkaline phosphatase.