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. 2021 Jun 4;9(6):e002512. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002512

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Cytokines levels of different immune pathways (Th1, Th2, Th17) after stimulation in responders and non-responders at baseline and during treatment with nivolumab (at week 2 and week 6). (A) IFN-γ levels in responders and non-responders at baseline and during treatment with nivolumab. IFN-γ levels become significantly higher in responders at week 6. (B) IL-2 levels in responders and non-responders at baseline and during treatment with nivolumab. Levels do not significantly differ between responders and non-responders. (C) Kaplan-Meier curves showing progression-free survival in patients with high and low IFN-γ levels at week 6. High IFN-γ levels at week 6 are associated with better progression free survival. (D) IL-17A levels in responders and non-responders at baseline and during treatment with nivolumab. IL-17A levels are significantly higher in responders at baseline as well as week 2 and week 6. (E) IL-6 levels in responders and non-responders at baseline and during treatment with nivolumab. Levels do not significantly differ between responders and non-responders. (F) Kaplan-Meier curves showing progression free survival in patients with high and low IL-17A levels at week 2. High IL-17A levels at week 2 are associated with better progression free survival. (G) IL-4 levels in responders and non-responders at baseline and during treatment with nivolumab. IL-4 levels become significantly higher in responders at week 2. (H) IL-5 levels in responders and non-responders at baseline and during treatment with nivolumab. IL-5 levels become significantly higher in responders at week 2. (I) Kaplan-Meier curves showing progression free survival in patients with high and low IL-4 levels at week 2. High IL-4 levels at week 2 are associated with better progression-free survival. IFN-γ, interferon-γ; IL-6, interleukin 6; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α.