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qRT- PCR analysis of mRNAs expression in the activated HSC, LX-2. (A) Upregulation of TGF-β/Smad signaling genes in LX-2 cells under the treatment of TGF-β1 (5 ng/ml) for 48 h in comparison to the untreated control group (p < 0.0001). (B) Downregulation of fibrogenic genes in TGF-β1treated cells 48 h post transfection with pcDNA3-LAT against treated cells transfected with empty pcDNA3(-) (*p < 0.05 and **p < 0.001). Relative levels of gene expression were normalized to B2M mRNA level
