Figure 1.

Schematic representation of the cellular signaling pathways activated by oxidized exDNA (8-oxodG). The exDNA released by different mechanisms of cellular stress and cell damage, might be enriched with oxidized nucleotides, forming complexes with proteins and/or lipids. The 8-oxodG acting as DAMP (Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern) signal might easily enter into cells and interact with different PRRs (Patterns Recognition Receptors) such as STING, AIM-2, RIG-1 or DAI, and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) induces DDR (DNA Damage Response) responses