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. 2021 Jun 4;22(1):404–428. doi: 10.1080/14686996.2021.1924044

Table 1.

Summary of typical nanomaterials used as photothermal agents for PTT

Type of PTAs Composition Size Irradiation conditions
Cancer cell type Combined therapy Application Ref.
Wavelength Power and time
ICG ICG@PLGA/
cancer cell membrane
200.4 nm 808 nm 1.0 W cm−2, 5 min MCF-7 cells PTT Breast cancer therapy [36]
PDA Borate coordination
polymer coated PDA/PEGylation DOX
200.0 nm 808 nm 1.5 W cm−2, 10 min MCF-7 cells PTT/chemotherapy Breast cancer therapy [39]
PPy PPy/PVA 46.0 nm 808 nm 6.0 W cm−2, 5 min HeLa cells PTT Cervical cancer therapy [41]
Semiconducting polymer PDCDT/PEG 56.0 nm 1064 nm 1.0 W cm−2, 10 min 4T1 cells PTT Breast cancer therapy [45]
Graphene PEGylated Graphene 10–50 nm 808 nm 2.0 W cm−2, 5 min 4T1 cells PTT Breast cancer therapy [50]
rGO PEGylated rGO 18.8 nm 808 nm 15.3 W cm−2, 8 min U87MG cells PTT Glioma therapy [52]
SWCNTs SWCNT@ mesoporous silica/PEG/DOX 15–25 nm (thickness)
100–300 nm (length)
808 nm 0.5 W cm−2, 20 min 4T1 cells PTT/chemotherapy Breast cancer therapy [56]
Gold nanostars Au nanostars coated BSA/MMP2/IR-780 iodide 121.5 nm 808 nm 0.8 W cm−2, 5 min A549 cells PTT/PDT Lung cancer therapy [75]
Gold nanocages DOX loaded AuNC@HA 50 nm 808 nm 1.0 W cm−2, 5 min MDA-MB-231 cells PTT/chemotherapy Breast cancer therapy [76]
CuS Flower-like CuS/PVP 50 nm (thickness)
500–800 nm (length)
980 nm 0.51 W cm−2, 10 min HeLa cells PTT Cervical cancer therapy [84]
MoS2 MoS2-PEG/DOX 50.0 nm 808 nm 0.56 W cm−2, 20 min 4T1 cells PTT/chemotherapy Breast cancer therapy [88]
WS2 Gd3+/WS2/PEG 80.0 nm 808 nm 0.5 W cm−2, 10 min 4T1 cells PTT/radiotherapy Breast cancer therapy [91]
Fe3O4 Perfluorohexane @PLGA/Fe3O4 347 nm 780–2800 nm 1.5 W cm−2, 12 min SKOV3 cells PTT Ovarian cancer therapy [99]
Fe3O4 nanorings PEGylated Fe3O4 nanorings 70 nm (outer diameter) Magnetic field 30 kA/m, 365 kHz, 10 min 4T1 cells Magnetic hyperthermia Breast cancer therapy [103]
MoOx PEGylated MoOx 15–25 nm 1064 nm 0.6 W cm−2, 10 min 4T1 cells PTT/PDT Breast cancer therapy [105]
BP
nanoparticles
PEGylated BP NPs 3.2 ± 1.0 nm 808 nm 2.0 W cm−2, 5 min 4T1 cells PTT Breast cancer therapy [112]
BP nanosheets DOX loaded PEGylated BP NSs 100 nm 808 nm 1.0 W cm−2, 10 min HeLa cells PTT/chemotherapy Cervical cancer therapy [117]
Ti3C2 Hyaluronic acid modified Ti3C2/DOX 100 nm (lateral size) 808 nm 0.8 W cm−2, 10 min HCT 116 cells PTT/PDT/chemotherapy Colon cancer therapy [124]
Zr-FeP MOF PEGylated siRNA/Zr-FeP MOF 210 nm (length) 635 nm 1.9 W cm−2, 5 min MCF-7 cells PTT/PDT Breast cancer therapy [126]
Boron nanosheets DOX loaded PEGylated B NSs 250 nm (lateral size)
20 nm (thickness)
808 nm 1.0 W cm−2, 10 min MCF-7 cells PTT/chemotherapy Breast cancer therapy [128]