Figure 5.
Changes in left ventricular (LV) pressure by different study groups. Hemodynamic changes in (A) LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), (B) LV end-systolic pressure (LVESP), (C) LV contractility (max dP/dt), and (D) lusitropy (min dP/dt) in sham, premature atrial contraction (PAC), and premature ventricular contraction (PVC) groups at baseline and after 12 weeks. Maximum LV dP/dt decreased over the 12-week period in the PVC group, indicating decreased contractility during isovolumetric contraction (inotropy), while minimum LV dP/dt significantly decreased from baseline in the PVC group, suggestive of impaired relaxation (lusitropy). Boxes next to individual values represent the median + interquartile range. P < .05 (‡) vs baseline. Abbreviations as in Figure 1.