Table 1.
Patient characteristics by the presence or absence of cardiac scar
| Total (n = 333) | No cardiac scar (n = 221) | Cardiac scar (n = 112) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | ||||
| Age, years (mean ± SD) | 53.22 ±14.5 | 51.50 ±13.86 | 56.62 ±15.33 | .002 |
| Male | 173 (52.0) | 101 (45.7) | 72 (64.3) | .002 |
| EF, % (mean ± SD) | 50.89 ± 12.17 | 54.61 ± 9.57 | 43.55 ± 13.40 | <.001 |
| PVC burden, % (mean ± SD) | 20.67 ± 13.14 | 19.26 ± 13.32 | 23.45 ±12.38 | .006 |
| PVC cardiomyopathy | 123 (36.9) | 66 (29.9) | 57 (50.9) | <.001 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension | 164 (49.2) | 100 (45.2) | 64 (57.1) | .053 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 49 (14.7) | 33 (14.9) | 16 (14.3) | 1 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 40 (12.0) | 22 (10.0) | 18 (16.1) | .149 |
| COPD | 19 (5.7) | 8 (3.6) | 11 (9.8) | .04 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 138 (41.4) | 92 (41.6) | 46 (41.1) | 1 |
| CKD | 23 (6.9) | 13 (5.9) | 10 (8.9) | .42 |
| Pre-existing CMP (%) | 75 (22.5) | 39 (17.6) | 36 (32.1) | .004 |
| NICM | 39 (11.7) | 17 (7.7) | 22 (19.6) | .002 |
| ICM | 34 (10.2) | 21 (9.5) | 13 (11.6) | .683 |
| Medications | ||||
| BB | 237 (71.2) | 148 (67.0) | 89 (79.5) | .024 |
| CCB | 59 (17.7) | 45 (20.4) | 14 (12.5) | .105 |
| ACE/ARB | 98 (29.4) | 47 (21.3) | 51 (45.5) | <.001 |
| Amiodarone | 22 ( 6.6) | 9 ( 4.1) | 13 (11.6) | .017 |
| Other AAD | 64 (19.2) | 53 (24.0) | 11 ( 9.8) | .003 |
| Sinus rhythm ECG | ||||
| QRS, ms (mean ± SD) | 96.07 ± 17.77 | 93.77 ± 15.37 | 100.62 ± 21.09 | .001 |
| LBBB | 9 (2.7) | 4 (1.8) | 5 (4.5) | .292 |
| RBBB | 10 (3.0) | 4 (1.8) | 6 (5.4) | .146 |
| Paced | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1 |
| PVC ECG | ||||
| QRS, ms (mean ± SD) | 155.86 ± 21.34 | 154.51 ± 19.98 | 158.51 ± 23.66 | .106 |
| LBBB morphology | 194 (58.3) | 125 (56.6) | 69 (61.6) | .445 |
| Inferior axis | 257 (77.2) | 169 (76.5) | 88 (78.6) | .769 |
| PVC site of origin | ||||
| Epicardial | 54 (16.2) | 45 (20.4) | 9 (8.0) | .006 |
| Intramural | 58 (17.4) | 14 ( 6.3) | 44 (39.3) | <.001 |
| Outflow tract | 113 (33.9) | 85 (38.5) | 28 (25.0) | .02 |
| Papillary muscle | 48(14.4) | 35(15.8) | 13(11.6) | .38 |
| Parahisian | 18 (5.4) | 10 (4.5) | 8 (7.1) | .458 |
| Other origin | 43 (12.9) | 32 (14.5) | 11 (9.8) | .306 |
Note: Unless otherwise stated, all cell values are n (%).
AAD = antiarrhythmic drug; BB = beta blocker; ACE = angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB = angiotensin II receptor blocker; CCB = calcium channel blocker; CKD = chronic kidney disease; CMP = cardiomyopathy; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ECG = electrocardiogram; EF = ejection fraction; ICM = ischemic cardiomyopathy; LBBB = left bundle branch block; NICM = nonischemic cardiomyopathy; PVC = premature ventricular complexes; RBBB = right bundle branch block.