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. 2020 Apr 27;1(1):3–9. doi: 10.1016/j.hroo.2020.02.002

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Raw photoplethysmography (PPG) waveforms of a randomly selected patient in both atrial fibrillation (AF) and normal sinus rhythm. Shown are waveform tracings from the raw PPG output of a single participant in AF before cardioversion and in normal sinus rhythm after cardioversion. Top: The morphology of the AF waveform displays the characteristically “irregularly irregular” pattern, with irregularities in both wave amplitude and period, which underlies all AF arrhythmias as measured on standard 12-lead electrocardiograms. Bottom: In contrast, the morphology of the sinus rhythm waveform is more uniform, both in amplitude and period.