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. 2021 Jan-Feb;153(1-2):190–195. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_2711_20

Table.

Literature of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A co-infection case reports

Country and month/year Number of cases Age (yr/gender) Comorbid conditions Abnormal laboratory parameters Radiological findings Treatment Outcome
Wuhan, China, January 202015 One 69, male None Leucopenia and lymphopenia CT scan report - Mass, ground-glass consolidation in the right inferior lobe of the lungs Oral oseltamivir ICU - Endotracheal intubation Transferred
Tokyo, Japan, February 202016 One 78, female Dyslipidaemia, hypothyroidism Elevated liver enzymes CT scan report - Ground- glass opacity adjacent to pleura Chest X-rays - Bilateral reticular shadow Oral oseltamivir Discharged
Barcelona, Spain, 202017 Three 53, male (P1) 78, male (P2) 56, male (P3) All patients had hypertension P1 - End-stage renal disease (on dialysis) P2 - Type 2 diabetes mellitus P1 - Elevated CRP. Ferritin, D-dimer P2 - Elevated CRP, LDH, D-dimer P3 - Elevated CRP, LDH, D-dimer Chest X-rays - P2 - Bilateral infiltrate P1, P2 - Mechanical ventilation Lopinavir-ritonavir 400/100 mg twice a day, oral HCQ 200 mg twice a day (in haemodialysis patients, 100 mg twice a day) and oral oseltamivir 150 mg twice a day (in haemodialysis patients, 30 mg every 48 h). Subcutaneous interferon β-1b 8 MU was added every 48 h in P2 P3 - Discharged after 48 h
Rome, Italy, March 202018 One 56, male Overweight, history of myocardial infarction Lymphopenia, CRP, fibrinogen elevated CT scan report - Bilateral peripheral ground-glass opacities ICU - Non-invasive ventilation Oral oseltamivir (75 mg twice per day for five days) and lopinavir/ritonavir (400/100 mg twice per day for 14 days) Intravenous methylprednisolone (40 mg twice daily for five days with tapered discontinuation) Discharged
Kentucky, USA, 202013 One 66, female Hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease Stage 3, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease - Chest X-ray - Right lower lobe infiltrate ICU - Ventilated Oral Tamiflu® 30 mg twice a day for five days HCQ Not mentioned
Istanbul, Turkey, March-May, 202019 Two P1-49, female P2-51, male P2 - Diabetes mellitus P2 - Ferritin elevated CT scan report - Bilateral peripheral ground-glass opacities HCQ, azithromycin, oseltamivir Discharged
Wuhan, China, September, 202020 Three P1-47, female P2-50, male P3-49, female P2 - Hypertension P1 and P2 - Lymphopenia CRP elevated in P1, P2 and P3 CT scan report - Pulmonary lesions Oral oseltamivir Glucocorticoid therapy P2 - Non-invasive ventilation Discharged
Bojnurd, Iran, March-April, 202012 Two P1-78, female P2-75, male P1 - Chronic lung disease P1 and P2 - Lymphopenia CT scan report - Bilateral peripheral ground-glass opacities ICU Combination HCQ and Kaletra® (lopinavir/ritonavir) P1 and P2 expired

CRP, C-reactive protein; CT, computed tomography; ICU, intensive care unit; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase