Table 1.
Patients Characteristics at the Initiation of First Biologic
| Total (n=97) | Omalizumab (n=33) | Mepolizumab (n=41) | Benralizumab (n=15) | Dupilumab (n=8) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male, n(%) | 31 (32) | 10 (30) | 13 (32) | 6 (40) | 2 (25) | 0.88 |
| Age (year) | 53.3 (13.3) | 48.7 (12.0) | 56.4 (13.4) | 58.6 (11.3) | 46.3 (14.3) | 0.011 |
| Disease duration (year) | 20.0 (14.6) | 20.3 (15.0) | 19.5 (14.1) | 23.1 (13.9) | 15.3 (18.5) | 0.69 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.3 (4.9) | 22.3 (4.0) | 23.1 (4.2) | 24.7 (4.7) | 25.7 (9.7) | 0.19 |
| Smoking (never), n(%) | 64 (66) | 20 (65) | 31 (76) | 6 (40) | 7 (88) | 0.047 |
| Atopic type, n(%) | 83 (86) | 33 (100) | 31 (76) | 13 (87) | 6 (75) | 0.022 |
| Comorbidity | ||||||
| ABPA/M, n(%) | 8 (8) | 3 (9) | 4 (10) | 1 (7) | 0 (0) | 0.82 |
| AD, n(%) | 14 (14) | 7 (21) | 5 (12) | 0 (0) | 2 (25) | 0.17 |
| AERD, n(%) | 31 (31) | 10 (30) | 14 (34) | 5 (33) | 2 (25) | 0.96 |
| AR, n(%) | 74 (76) | 27 (82) | 28 (68) | 13 (87) | 6 (75) | 0.41 |
| ECRS, n(%) | 52 (54) | 11 (33) | 25 (63) | 13 (87) | 2 (25) | 0.001 |
| EGPA, n(%) | 13 (13) | 5 (15) | 6 (15) | 1 (7) | 1 (13) | 0.87 |
| GERD, n(%) | 30 (31) | 13 (39) | 9 (22) | 4 (27) | 4 (50) | 0.25 |
| PBE (/µL) | 659 (1385) | 602 (1708) | 676 (1135) | 936 (1612) | 291 (252) | 0.75 |
| IgE (IU/mL) | 370 (595) | 319 (275) | 394 (605) | 279 (237) | 618 (1472) | 0.57 |
| FeNO (ppb) | 66 (63) (n=72) | 66 (83) (n=12) | 68 (63) (n=39) | 78 (55) (n=14) | 28 (28) (n=7) | 0.39 |
| Pulmonary function | (n=76) | (n=15) | (n=39) | (n=15) | (n=7) | |
| %FVC (%) | 95.1 (17.3) | 94.5 (13.6) | 94.7 (19.6) | 95.1 (17.3) | 98.1 (11.3) | 0.97 |
| %FEV1 (%) | 82.9 (25.5) | 85.2 (18.8) | 81.8 (28.1) | 77.1 (27.4) | 95.5 (17.0) | 0.46 |
| FEV1 (mL) | 2042 (662) | 2160 (553) | 2002 (686) | 1868 (674) | 2387 (685) | 0.32 |
| ACT (pts) | 16.5 (5.1) (n=61) | 12.8(4.3) (n=6) | 16.4 (5.1) (n=33) | 18.4 (4.7) (n=15) | 15.7 (5.7) (n=7) | 0.14 |
| Treatment | ||||||
| ICS/LABA, n(%) | 97 (100) | 33 (100) | 41 (100) | 15 (100) | 8 (100) | |
| ICS dose (FP) (µg/day)a | 1037 (328) | 1068 (254) | 928 (213)b | 1250 (538)b | 1063 (417) | 0.009 |
| LAMA, n(%) | 56 (58) | 22 (67) | 21 (51) | 7 (47) | 6 (75) | 0.32 |
| LTRA, n(%) | 86 (89) | 32 (97) | 34 (83) | 12 (80) | 8 (100) | 0.12 |
| xanthine, n(%) | 62 (64) | 26 (79) | 25 (61) | 9 (60) | 2 (25) | 0.034 |
| systemic corticosteroids, n(%) | 45 (46) | 14 (42) | 20 (49) | 9 (60) | 2 (25) | 0.41 |
| prednisolone equivalent dose (mg/day) | 7.7 (5.7) (n=42) | 6.3 (2.9) (n=13) | 8.0 (5.5) (n=20) | 6.6 (4.1) (n=8) | 30 (n=1)c | 0.0002 |
Notes: Data at baseline are presented as mean (standard deviation), unless otherwise stated. P values were calculated by Chi-square test and ANOVA with Bonferroni correction. aICS doses are provided as fluticasone propionate (FP) equivalents (μg/day). bThere was a significant difference between mepolizumab and benralizumab groups by Bonferroni correction (P=0.001). cThere was a significant difference between dupilumab and each groups by Bonferroni correction (P<0.0001).
Abbreviations: ABPA/M, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis/mycosis; ACT, Asthma Control Test; AD, atopic dermatitis; AERD, aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease; AR, allergic rhinitis; BMI, body mass index; ECRS, eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis; EGPA, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis; FeNO, fractional exhaled nitric oxide; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in one second; FP, fluticasone propionate; FVC, forced vital capacity; GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting beta-2 agonist; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; LTRA, leukotriene receptor antagonist; PBE, peripheral blood eosinophil count.