Table 2. Cox regression analysis of survival outcome.
Variable | Overall survival | Cancer-specific survival | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
UVA | MVA | UVA | MVA | ||||||||||||
HR | 95% CI | P | HR | 95% CI | P | HR | 95% CI | P | HR | 95% CI | P | ||||
Chemo | |||||||||||||||
Cis q3wk | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||
Cis q1wk | 1.36 | 1.03–1.79 | 0.03 | 0.97 | 0.72–1.30 | 0.82 | 1.69 | 1.21–2.36 | 0.002 | 1.17 | 0.81–1.70 | 0.4 | |||
Others | 1.79 | 1.36–2.37 | <0.001 | 1.04 | 0.75–1.42 | 0.83 | 2.03 | 1.44–2.87 | <0.001 | 1.05 | 0.70–1.57 | 0.81 | |||
ICT | |||||||||||||||
No | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||
Yes | 1.54 | 1.12–2.12 | 0.007 | 1.29 | 0.90–1.85 | 0.17 | 1.8 | 1.25–2.59 | 0.002 | 1.46 | 0.96–2.23 | 0.07 | |||
Gender | |||||||||||||||
Male | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||||||
Female | 1.13 | 0.85–1.50 | 0.41 | 1.08 | 0.76–1.53 | 0.66 | |||||||||
Age (yrs) | |||||||||||||||
<61 | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||
≥61 | 1.57 | 1.24–1.97 | <0.001 | 1.56 | 1.22–1.99 | <0.001 | 1.57 | 1.19–2.08 | 0.001 | 1.68 | 1.25–2.26 | <0.001 | |||
Smoker | |||||||||||||||
Never | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||
Former | 1.92 | 1.36–2.72 | <0.001 | 1.51 | 1.04–2.18 | 0.03 | 1.91 | 1.25–2.91 | 0.003 | 1.31 | 0.84–2.06 | 0.23 | |||
Current | 2.53 | 1.75–3.67 | <0.001 | 2.23 | 1.51–3.30 | <0.001 | 2.49 | 1.59–3.90 | <0.001 | 1.98 | 1.23–3.17 | 0.005 | |||
HPV | |||||||||||||||
Negative | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||
Positive | 0.51 | 0.37–0.71 | <0.001 | 0.92 | 0.65–1.30 | 0.63 | 0.58 | 0.39–0.86 | 0.006 | 1.2 | 0.79–1.82 | 0.39 | |||
NA | |||||||||||||||
Comorbidity (no.) | |||||||||||||||
0 | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||||||
1 | 0.8 | 0.56–1.13 | 0.21 | 0.74 | 0.49–1.12 | 0.15 | |||||||||
2 | 1.1 | 0.78–1.55 | 0.59 | 0.94 | 0.63–1.41 | 0.78 | |||||||||
3+ | 1.23 | 0.88–1.73 | 0.23 | 0.99 | 0.66–1.48 | 0.97 | |||||||||
T stage | |||||||||||||||
X | 2.43 | 0.34–17.43 | 0.38 | 3.75 | 0.52–27.16 | 0.19 | |||||||||
0–2 | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||
3–4 | 2.32 | 1.81–2.97 | <0.001 | 1.87 | 1.44–2.41 | <0.001 | 2.95 | 2.15–4.05 | <0.001 | 2.33 | 1.69–3.21 | <0.001 | |||
N stage | |||||||||||||||
0–1 | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||||||
2–3 | 0.95 | 0.74–1.22 | 0.69 | 1.14 | 0.84–1.55 | 0.41 | |||||||||
NA | |||||||||||||||
M stage | |||||||||||||||
0 | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||
1 | 3.89 | 2.17–6.95 | <0.001 | 1.02 | 0.49–2.14 | 0.96 | 3.87 | 1.98–7.59 | <0.001 | 0.77 | 0.35–1.70 | 0.52 | |||
NA | |||||||||||||||
Histology | |||||||||||||||
Squamous | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||
Other | 2 | 1.31–3.06 | 0.001 | 0.87 | 0.46–1.63 | 0.66 | 2.3 | 1.42–3.74 | <0.001 | 0.98 | 0.43–2.21 | 0.96 | |||
Primary site | |||||||||||||||
NA | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||
OC | 0.84 | 0.54–1.31 | 0.44 | 0.93 | 0.56–1.54 | 0.77 | |||||||||
NP | 0.68 | 0.32–1.44 | 0.32 | 0.77 | 0.34–1.73 | 0.53 | |||||||||
OP | 0.43 | 0.30–0.61 | <0.001 | 1.13 | 0.73–1.73 | 0.59 | 0.39 | 0.26–0.59 | <0.001 | 1.08 | 0.63–1.83 | 0.78 | |||
HP | 0.95 | 0.59–1.54 | 0.84 | 0.89 | 0.50–1.58 | 0.68 | |||||||||
Glottis | 0.8 | 0.52–1.22 | 0.3 | 0.68 | 0.41–1.15 | 0.15 | |||||||||
Salivary | 0.78 | 0.35–1.73 | 0.54 | 0.96 | 0.40–2.27 | 0.92 | |||||||||
Other | 0.33 | 0.08–1.34 | 0.12 | 0.46 | 0.11–1.91 | 0.29 | |||||||||
Unknown | 0.39 | 0.22–0.69 | 0.001 | 1.07 | 0.54–2.12 | 0.84 | 0.29 | 0.13–0.61 | 0.001 | 0.86 | 0.35–2.12 | 0.75 | |||
Multiple | 1.15 | 0.70–1.87 | 0.59 | 0.93 | 0.51–1.70 | 0.81 | |||||||||
RT total dose (Gy) | |||||||||||||||
<70 | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||
≥70 | 0.66 | 0.50–0.86 | 0.002 | 0.82 | 0.60–1.11 | 0.2 | 0.57 | 0.42–0.78 | <0.001 | 0.72 | 0.51–1.03 | 0.07 | |||
RT start year | |||||||||||||||
<2011 | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||||||
≥2011 | 0.91 | 0.71–1.17 | 0.49 | 0.97 | 0.72–1.31 | 0.84 | |||||||||
RT complete | |||||||||||||||
No | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||
Yes | 0.16 | 0.10–0.25 | <0.001 | 0.53 | 0.33–0.86 | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.08–0.20 | <0.001 | 0.44 | 0.27–0.71 | 0.001 | |||
Response | |||||||||||||||
None | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||
Partial | 0.08 | 0.05–0.12 | <0.001 | 0.08 | 0.05–0.13 | <0.001 | 0.05 | 0.03–0.08 | <0.001 | 0.05 | 0.03–0.08 | <0.001 | |||
Complete | 0.5 | 0.31–0.81 | 0.005 | 0.45 | 0.27–0.75 | 0.002 | 0.46 | 0.28–0.76 | 0.002 | 0.46 | 0.28–0.77 | 0.003 | |||
Surgery | |||||||||||||||
No | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||||||
Yes | 0.86 | 0.64–1.16 | 0.34 | 0.92 | 0.65–1.31 | 0.66 | |||||||||
Nutrition support | |||||||||||||||
No | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||||
Yes | 1.29 | 1.01–1.65 | 0.04 | 0.95 | 0.72–1.26 | 0.74 | 1.29 | 0.96–1.74 | 0.09 | ||||||
Hospitalized | |||||||||||||||
No | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||
Yes | 1.65 | 1.28–2.12 | <0.001 | 1.52 | 1.17–1.98 | 0.002 | 1.49 | 1.09–2.02 | 0.01 | 1.31 | 0.95–1.81 | 0.1 | |||
WBC count | |||||||||||||||
Normal | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||
Low | 2.55 | 1.39–4.68 | 0.002 | 1.61 | 0.85–3.08 | 0.15 | 2.94 | 1.50–5.76 | 0.002 | 1.84 | 0.89–3.80 | 0.1 | |||
High | 2.04 | 1.47–2.82 | <0.001 | 1.27 | 0.89–1.80 | 0.18 | 2.35 | 1.62–3.41 | <0.001 | 1.36 | 0.90–2.06 | 0.14 | |||
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | |||||||||||||||
≥12 | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | |||||||
<12 | 2.38 | 1.86–3.06 | <0.001 | 1.36 | 1.05–1.77 | 0.02 | 2.5 | 1.86–3.36 | <0.001 | 1.05 | 0.75–1.47 | 0.78 |