Table 5.

Literature review on European experiences in robotic rectal surgery

Author	Type of study	Year	City	Number of patients	Years of analysis
D’Annibale et al. [41]	Retrospective	2004	Padua	10 RRR	2001–2003
Bianchi et al. [39]	Retrospective	2010	Milan	25 RRR vs 25 LRR	2008–2009
D’Annibale et al. [25]	Retrospective	2013	Rome	50 RRR vs 50 LRR	2006–2012
Colombo et al. [40]	Retrospective	2015	France	60 RRR vs 60 LRR	2009–2013
Allemann et al. [15]	Retrospective	2015	Switzerland	20 RRR vs 46 LRR vs 7 ORR	2012–2014
Valverde et al. [37]	Retrospective	2016	France	65 RRR vs 65 LRR	2013–2016
Morelli et al. [42]	Retrospective	2016	Pisa	50 RRR vs 25 LRR	2009–2014
Spinelli et al. [44]	Retrospective	2017	Milan	12 RRR	2015–2016
Rouanet et al. [43]	Retrospective	2018	France	200 RRR vs 200 LRR	2008–2015