Table 2.

Changes in Depressive (PHQ-8) and Anxious (GAD-7) Symptoms at 12 and 52 Weeks

	Yoga	PT	Education	Yoga vs. Education	PT vs. Education
PHQ Full Sample†
0–12 Weeks	−1.23 [n=125; −2.18, −0.28]	−1.01 [n=103; −2.05, −0.03]	−0.58 [n=60; −1.66, 0.49]	−0.71 [p=.36; −2.22, .81]	−0.32 [p=.67; −1.82, 1.18]
0–52 Weeks	−2.36 [n=108; −3.37, −1.34]	−1.81 [n=90; −3.19, −0.43]	−1.60 [n=56; −3.03, −0.17]	−0.95 [p=.28; −2.69, .78]	−0.14 [p=.88; −1.85, 1.58]
PHQ ≥ 5
0–12 Weeks	−2.50 [n=76; −3.85, −1.14]	−2.29 [n=66; −3.64, −0.93]	−1.36 [n=41; −2.77, 0.03]
0–52 Weeks	−4.42 [n=66; −5.56, −2.92]	−3.26 [n=60; −5.08, −1.42]	−2.72 [n=39; −4.65, −0.79]
PHQ ≥ 10
0–12 Weeks	−3.56 [n=41; −5.58, −1.53]	−3.09 [n=33; −5.10, −1.08]	−2.10 [n=19; −4.36, −0.17]
0–52 Weeks	−5.05 [n=37; −7.14, −2.97]	−5.03 [n=30; −7.84, −2.23]	−4.50 [n=18; −8.03, −0.97]
GAD Full Sample‡
0–12 Weeks	−0.55 [n=125; −1.36, 0.25]	−0.77 [n=103; −1.90, 0.37]	0.47 [n=60; −1.08, 2.02]	−1.05 [p=.19; −2.62, 0.52]	−1.28 [p=.11; −2.83, 0.26]
0–52 Weeks	−2.06 [n=108; −3.05, −1.08]	−1.27 [n= 91; −2.50, −0.05]	−1.09 [n=56; −2.46, 0.28]	−1.14 [p=.16; −2.73, 0.44]	−0.35 [p=.66; −1.91, 1.22]
GAD ≥ 5
0–12 Weeks	−1.47 [n=64; −2.90, −0.04]	−2.69 [n=51, −4.49, −0.88]	−0.89 [n=38; −2.93, 1.19]
0–52 Weeks	−4.34 [n=55; −5.87, −2.82]	−3.13 [n=47; −5.08, −1.18]	−2.40 [n=35; −4.44, −0.36]
GAD ≥ 10
0–12 Weeks	−2.41 [n=36; −4.38, −0.45]	−5.68 [n=28; −7.68, −3.67]	−4.23 [n=17; −6.62, −1.85]
0–52 Weeks	−6.03 [n=32; −8.12, −3.95]	−5.85 [n=26; −8.43, −3.26]	−5.38 [n=16; −8.03, −2.72]

All values are mean [n; 95% CI]

For all analyses, negative numbers mean improvement. For between group analyses, negative numbers favor the first named group

^†Between group differences are adjusted for baseline RMDQ score, sex, age, and baseline PHQ

^‡Between groups differences are adjusted for baseline RMDQ score, sex, age, and baseline GAD GAD, Generalized Anxiety Disorder; PHQ, Patient Health Questionnaire; PT, Physical Therapy