Table 3.

Univariate and multivariate analysis for the risks of major complications after RPD

	Without major complication n = 55	Major complication n = 13	Univariate model		Multivariate model
			OR (95% CI)	p value	OR (95%CI)	p value
Age, median (IQR)	65 (57–76)	65 (59–70)	1.002 (0.951–1.056)	0.939	–
Gender			0.903 (0.268–3.04)	0.869	–
Male	24 (43.6%)	6 (46.2%)
Female	31 (56.4%)	7 (53.8%)
Obesity status			9.400 (2.448–36.097)	0.001	5.983 (1.394–25.682)	0.016
Non-obese	47 (85.5%)	5 (38.5%)
Obese	8 (14.5%)	8 (61.5%)
ASA			1.662 (0.597–4.624)	0.330	–
I	6 (10.9%)	0
II	28 (50.9%)	7 (53.8%)
III	21 (38.2%)	6 (46.2%)
Tumor size, cm, median (IQR)	2 (1.5–3.2)	1.8 (1–2.3)	0.717 (0.418–1.231)	0.228	–
Learning curve phase				0.758	–
Before	15 (27.3%)	3 (23.1%)	1.25 (0.302–5.172)
After	40 (72.7%)	10 (76.9%)
Dilated pancreatic duct	16 (29.1%)	2	0.443 (0.088–2.228)	0.323	–
Pancreas texture			1.202 (0.371–3.889)	0.759	–
Soft	52 (94.5%)	12 (92.3%)
Hard	3 (5.5%)	1 (7.7%)
Operative procedure			1.762 (0.396–7.837)	0.457	–
Traditional PD	8 (14.5%)	3 (23.1%)
Pylorus-preserving PD	47 (85.5%)	10 (76.9%)
Pathological diagnosis			1.063 (0.846–1.337)	0.599	–
Ampullary adenocarcinoma	19 (34.5%)	4 (30.8%)
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma	12 (21.8%)	1 (7.7%)
Cholangiocarcinoma	6 (10.9%)	3 (23.1%)
IPMN	8 (14.5%)	3 (23.1%)
Ampullary adenoma	3 (5.5%)	1 (7.7%)
Chronic pancreatitis	2 (3.6%)	0
Neuroendocrine tumor	0	1 (7.7%)
Others	5 (9.1%)	0
Operative time, min, median (IQR)	298 (259–353) (259–353)	312 (283–395) (283–395)	1.009 (1.000–1.018)	0.048	0.997 (0.981–1.013)	0.693
Blood loss, mL, median (IQR)	100 (0–200)	200 (100–525)	1.004 (1.001–1.007)	0.008	1.003 (0.998–1.008)	0.180

^*IQR interquartile range